Seeing through the Cloud
A presentation by Carlo Andreoli and Manuela Bonomi IBM Architects
May 21, 2014
Disclaimer
Questa presentazione ha solamente uno scopo informativo e divulgativo.
Gli autori non assumono alcuna responsabilità per le informazioni in essa contenute, non forniscono alcuna garanzia o assicurazione che esse siano esenti da errori o da omissioni, né che siano aggiornate alla data.
Tutti i nomi di prodotti o società (se presenti) sono utilizzati al solo scopo di identificarli; essi possono essere marchi depositati dei loro rispettivi proprietari.
Gli autori sono dipendenti IBM. Essi, nel contesto di questa presentazione, esprimono informazioni, analisi e considerazioni da loro raccolte ed elaborate.
Non intendono comunicare l’idea di parlare e agire per conto di IBM.
Il materiale che forma questa presentazione non può essere riprodotto in alcuna
forma, né in tutto né in parte, senza il permesso scritto degli autori.
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
Modelli computazionali
Service shift
Tecnologie abilitanti
2. What is cloud?
Definizione di cloud
Caratteristiche
Ciclo di vita del servizio in cloud
Cloud Service models
Cloud Deployment models
3. Why cloud?
Cloud workload affinity
Cloud benefits / challenges
1. IBM Cloud value proposition
L’impegno IBM per il cloud
Prodotti, servizi e soluzioni IBM per il cloud
Sitografia
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
Modelli computazionali
Service shift
Tecnologie abilitanti
2. What is cloud?
Definizione di cloud
Caratteristiche
Ciclo di vita del servizio in cloud
Cloud Service models
Cloud Deployment models
3. Why cloud?
Cloud workload affinity
Cloud benefits / challenges
1. IBM Cloud value proposition
L’impegno IBM per il cloud
Prodotti, servizi e soluzioni IBM per il cloud
Sitografia
2. IBM related
Reference architecture
Standards
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
Host Computing
Client/Server Computing
Web Computing
Mainframe Era
PC Era
LAN Era
Personal Computing
1960's 1970's 1980's 1990's 2000’s 2010+
Value
Time
Internet Era
Major Waves of ICT Industry
IT
as a service
Host Computing
Control Unit 3174
Control Unit 3174
Control Unit 3174 Terminale
3270
Terminale 3270
Terminale 3270
IBM Host (Mainframe)
Communications Controller 37XX
Token Ring Terminale
3270
Terminale 3270
DASD Tape
3270 Data stream 3270
Data stream
Personal Computing
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oObxNDYyZPs
Nel modello Host Computing del passato, tutte le risorse erano possedute e controllate dai sistemi centrali (mainframes)
Anche le architetture ed i protocolli di rete erano proprietari (IBM SNA, Digital DECnet, ...) e le configurazioni tipiche comprendevano terminali “stupidi”
(dummy devices) collegati a unità di controllo atte a fornire un accesso collettivo (multiplexed) ai sistemi centrali
Con l’avvento del PC, si è cercato il modo migliore di condividere le risorse fra stazioni di lavoro “intelligenti” (ossia dotate di capacità elaborativa – CPU, RAM, I/O – autonoma)
Fu così che i ricercatori della Xerox per aumentare la loro stessa produttività idearono Ethernet
Nasce il concetto di “rete locale”
About computer networks
HOST COMPUTING
PERSONAL COMPUTING
Obiettivi
Interfaccia grafica
Livello di servizio
− Autonomia operativa
Riduzione dei costi
− Downsizing
CLIENT
SERVER
Client/Server Computing
Client/Server Computing
Consente una elaborazione distribuita tra client e server
Client – macchina o applicazione che richiede un servizio / risorsa
Server – macchina o applicazione che fornisce un servizio / risorsa
Una elaborazione distribuita implica l’esistenza di una rete (computer network)
Lo scambio di informazioni tra client e server deve avvenire utilizzando la stessa gerarchia di protocolli.
Cosa può essere “distribuito” ?
Presentation
Application logic
Data access
Distributed Presentation
Remote Presentation
Distributed Function
Distributed Database
Remote Data Management
Network
Presentation Application
Logic
Application Logic Presentation Application
Logic
Presentation Application Logic
Presentation Application
Logic Data Access
Presentation Application Logic
Presentation Data Access
Data Access
Data Access
Data Access
Data Access
Client Server
Modelli Client/Server (A. Scherr, 1984)
ISO/OSI (1978) TCP/IP (1982)
7 APPLICATION
APPLICATION
6 PRESENTATION
5 SESSION
4 TRANSPORT TRANSPORT
3 NETWORK INTERNET
2 DATA LINK Host-Network
(not specified)
1 PHISICAL
DECnet (1975) IBM SNA (1974)
About computer networks again
CLIENT
SERVER HOST
COMPUTING
PERSONAL
COMPUTING BROWSER
HTTP SERVER
WEB APPL.
SERVER
Web Computing
Web Computing protocols
OSI Layers
Web Computing benefit
Il massimo vantaggio di questo modello computazionale consiste nella standardizzazione
− standardizzazione nei protocolli
− standardizzazione nell’interfaccia tra client e server (browser)
− standardizzazione nello sviluppo
− standardizzazione nel deployment
Distributed Computing
Il Distributed Computing consente a componenti software (concettualmente scritti in linguaggi differenti su diversi computer collegati in rete), di poter
comunicare mediante lo scambio di messaggi in modo da cooperare come una singola applicazione
Un esempio di Distributed Computing è rappresentato dalle applicazioni che implementano i principi della Service Oriented Architecture (SOA)
gle uageMultiple language
.NET CCM
J2EE
Business Application
Services
Strategy and Planning Services
Enterprise Service Bus
Access Services Partner
Services
Process Services
Information Services Interaction
Services
Business Services and Events
Lifecycle Services Asset and Registry Services Development
Services
Management Services
Infrastructure Services Enables collaboration between
people, processes & information
Business-driven Enterprise Architecture and Standards
Manages diverse data and content in a unified manner
Integrated environment for
design and creation of solution
assets
Connect with trading partners Build on a robust, scaleable, and secure services environment
Facilitate interactions with existing information and
application assets
Manage and secure services,
applications &
resources
Optimizes throughput, availability and utilization Orchestrate and automate
business processes
Supports the specification of enterprise business solutions through business architecture
SOA Reference model
I Web services non hanno interfaccia utente, ma interagiscono tra un programma chiamante ed un programma chiamato (memorizzati su sistemi distribuiti) attraverso parametri di input e di output
Condividono protocolli comuni di comunicazione (XML based)
• Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP)
Grammatica XML standard per invocare un metodo. Un request message è inviato Service Requestor
Web Browser
HTML HTTP
WSDL
SOAP over HTTP
Web Services
Web Application
Service Provider
REST è acronimo di Representational Transfer State
E’ un paradigma per la realizzazione di un protocollo di comunicazione tra programmi memorizzati su sistemi distribuiti
Permette la manipolazione di risorse per mezzo dei metodi GET, POST, PUT e DELETE del protocollo HTTP – senza protocolli aggiuntivi (come ad esempio SOAP) e senza
gestione della sessione
L’output può essere in formato HTML, XML, JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
Un Web service di tipo REST è particolarmente indicato quando si hanno le seguenti caratteristiche:
• scambio parametri frequente (necessità di un protocollo “leggero”, ad esempio in applicazioni Web 2.0 basate su JavaScript AJAX)
• flusso parametri su Internet (impossibilità di aprire porte “sensibili”, ad esempio JDBC)
Servizi basati sui principi per architetture di rete REST sono detti comunemente RESTful Web Services
REST
HTTP GET/POST XML or JSON
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
The shift to services
The transition from an agricultural to an industrial economy, which began in England and has been repeated in most of the Western world, has been characterized as a "revolution".
The shift from industrial to service employment, which has advanced furthest in the United States but is evident in all developed economies, has proceeded more quietly, but it too has implications for society, and for economic analysis, of "revolutionary" proportions.
V. R. Fuchs: “The Service Economy”, Colombia University Press, New York and London, 1968
The new value proposition
Innovazione nel Prodotto o Servizio
oppure …
Innovazione nel Mix Prodotto-Servizio
o addirittura …
Conversione del Prodotto in Servizio
Shared resources
Customer premises
Fixed Variable
IT as a Service
Traditional IT
Ownership
Cost
Variable cost
Variable ownership
The new value proposition for IT
Software distribuito come servizio ospitato e accessibile tramite Internet.
Source: Microsoft Corporation, Frederick Chonge - Aprile 2006
"The concept of software as a service will be the most disruptive long-term trend to affect vendors”.
Source: Joe Galvin, Gartner Analyst, SAP Business Flash, March 27, 2006
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Il concetto di SaaS nasce prima del Cloud
Portale di filiera
Software as a Service – Un esempio
DB server Appl.
server Storage
Data Center
Help Desk
Customer premises
Azienda di Azienda di produzione produzione
Sistema Gestionale
Internet
Azienda di Azienda di distribuzione distribuzione Operatore
Operatore Logistico Logistico
Sede remota
Il servizio è addebitato sulla base di un:
Costo di attivazione del servizio (OTC)
Canone fisso mensile (MRC) che tiene conto del numero di utenti abilitati
Costo unitario per ogni SSCC movimentato
€
t
OTC
MRC
USAGE
Software as a Service – Value proposition
L‘esempio riportato è relativo ad una soluzione proposto al mercato con una modalità d’offerta congruente col modello
“on demand” (pay as you go).
L’elemento innovativo consiste nel tradurre le metriche correlate alla soluzione
tecnologica in requisiti funzionali ed economici di diretta rilevanza per i clienti (metriche di business).
Attraverso la definizione di metriche di business (specifiche della soluzione), il modello “on demand” permette l’evoluzione da costi fissi a costi variabili.
Nel caso specifico, la soluzione fa uso di una modalità di addebito (metrica di business) facilmente misurabile e comprensibile da parte del cliente:
numero unità di carico movimentate
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
Tecnologie abilitanti
CLOUD COMPUTING
VIRTUALIZATION + STANDARDIZATION + AUTOMATION
Technical factors driving Cloud Computing viability
Risorse Virtuali
Risorse Virtuali
Risorse Virtuali Risorse Reali
Il concetto della virtualizzazione
Per virtualizzazione si intende
la capacità di creare immagini di risorse virtuali sulla base delle risorse fisiche
realmente disponibili (CPU, memory, I/O, storage, network)
attraverso un apposito Hardware o un apposito Software
L’importanza della virtualizzazione deriva dalla necessità economica di massimizzare l’utilizzo dei sistemi. I suoi principali vantaggi sono:
Separazione – Attraverso la virtualizzazione si possono suddividere le risorse fisiche in ambienti logicamente separati che possono poi essere gestiti in maniera indipendente
Ottimizzazione – Si possono utilizzare risorse virtuali in eccesso rispetto alle risorse realmente disponibili (overcommitment) grazie alla condivisione di risorse reali tra diverse immagini virtuali
(Resource Sharing)
Questa caratteristica è quella che permette di rendere i sistemi “elastici”
alle variazioni del carico (peak).
E’ un concetto fondamentale allorché, ad esempio, si diffondono applicazioni accessibili in rete da un numero di utenti potenziali non noto a priori (resiliency).
Le ragioni della virtualizzazione
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Potenza necessaria = 170 Peak – Richiesta non soddisfatta
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Potenza installata totale = 300
Peak – Richiesta non soddisfatta
Sistema 1
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300
Peak – soddisfatto dal Sistema
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260 270 280 290 300
Peak – soddisfatto dal Sistema
Sistema virtualizzato
Sistema 2
Sistema 3
Le figure sulla sinistra rappresentano l’ipotetico andamento del carico su tre sistemi che ipotizziamo ospitati su tre diverse macchine fisiche durante il corso della giornata (24h).
La figura sulla destra rappresenta con la stessa scala il carico risultante dalla somma dei tre sistemi che ipotizziamo ospitati su un unico Sistema Virtualizzato con condivisione della risorsa CPU.
La potenza complessiva necessaria risulta
notevolmente inferiore
La struttura si presenta più flessibile all’assorbimento di picchi da carico
Le ragioni della virtualizzazione
Software-defined data center (SDDC) is a phrase used to refer to a data center where all infrastructure is virtualized and delivered as a service. Control of the data center is automated by software – meaning hardware configuration is maintained through intelligent software
systems. This is in contrast to traditional data centers where the infrastructure is typically defined by hardware and devices.
There are three core components of the software-defined data center:
− server virtualization
− storage virtualization (Software-Defined Storage)
− network virtualization (Software-Defined Networking)
The phrase “Software-Defined Data Center” (SDDC) was coined by VMware's CTO, Dr. Steve Herrod
http://cto.vmware.com/interop-and-the-software-defined-datacenter
Software-Defined Data Center
Standardizzazione dell’IT
La Standardizzazione dell’IT è requisito per l’automazione delle operazioni
Standards IT aziendali
Minimizzare la varietà dei componenti
− Tipologia server, Sistema Operativo, virtualizzatore, middleware, pacchetti applicativi, ...
− Versioni delle componenti software e del codice applicativo
Da una distribuzione continua a una discreta delle configurazioni
Source: IDC
Why Automation tools are a requirement
Phase Time (days)
Budget
Specify/design 73 - 96 14% - 16%
Procure 57 - 112 19% - 21%
Implement 74 – 93 12%
Configure/test 74 – 80 10% - 11%
Cluster & HA 66 – 104 11% - 12%
Backup 44 – 108 10%
Tune 89 – 98 9% - 10%
Management 67 – 110 9 – 10%
Typical IT Project Time and Budget Top Causes of Project Delays
Hardware
Troubleshooting and tuning production environment Integration, configuration and testing of the infrastructure Installation, cabling and network access for the environment
Software
Integration, configuration and testing of applications
Integration, configuration and testing of middleware
Configuration, build and deployment of applications
45%
45%
29%
41%
35%
34%
Typical Results:
34% of new IT projects (US) deploy late
Aligning IT and business goals
App OS Image
App OS Image
App OS Image
Virtualisation drives lower capital requirements
Complex orchestration.
Detailed billing and metering.
Capacity monitoring.
Optimized environment for workload.
Clients who can “serve themselves” require less support, improve productivity and get services faster Lower complexity = more
automation possible = reduced IT labour costs and faster delivery Virtualised environments
only get benefits of scale if they are highly utilised
Virtualisation of hardware
Utilisation of infrastructure
Standardisation of workloads
Automation of management
Cloud enabled datacenter
Dynamic virtualization &
provisioning
Service delivery automation
Advanced Cloud service lifecycle management
Orchestration, consumption based metering
Business service catalogs, and dynamic capacity
optimization
Virtualization management
IT transformation roadmap
Continua con la
seconda parte ...
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
Modelli computazionali
Service shift
Tecnologie abilitanti
2. What is cloud?
Definizione di cloud
Caratteristiche
Ciclo di vita del servizio in cloud
Cloud Service models
Cloud Deployment models
3. Why cloud?
Cloud workload affinity
Cloud benefits / challenges
1. IBM Cloud value proposition
L’impegno IBM per il cloud
Prodotti, servizi e soluzioni IBM per il cloud
Sitografia
2. IBM related
Reference architecture
Standards
What is cloud?
Cloud Computing is a user experience and a business model
Monitor & Manage Services & Resources
Cloud
Administrator
Datacenter Infrastructure
Service Catalog, Component Library
Service Consumers
Component Vendors/
Software Publishers
Publish & Update Components, Service Templates
IT Cloud
Access Services
A user experience and a business model
Cloud computing is an emerging style of IT delivery in which data, applications, and IT resources are rapidly provisioned and provided as standardized
offerings to users over the web in a flexible pricing model.
An infrastructure management and services delivery methodology
Cloud computing is a way of managing large numbers of highly virtualized resources such that, from a management perspective, they resemble a single large resource.
This can then be used to deliver services with elastic scaling.
A user experience and a business model
Cloud computing is an emerging style of IT delivery in which data, applications, and IT resources are rapidly provisioned and provided as standardized offerings to users over the web in a flexible pricing model.
An infrastructure management and services delivery methodology
Cloud computing is a way of managing large numbers of highly virtualized
resources such that, from a management perspective, they resemble a single large resource. This can then be used to deliver services with elastic scaling.
Monitor & Manage Services & Resources
Datacenter Infrastructure
Service Catalog,
Service Consumers
Component Vendors/
Software Publishers
IT Cloud
Access Services
Cloud Computing is also an infrastructure management
and services delivery methodology
Cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on- demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing
resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.
This cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, three service models, and four deployment models.
A well accepted definition by US National Institute of Standard & Technology (NIST) http://www.nist.gov/itl/csd/cloud-102511.cfm
The NIST Definition of Cloud Computing
Cloud Computing: Characteristics
USAGE &
USAGE &
ACCOUNTING ACCOUNTING
Service Requestor
Approver
• Orchestration by management plans
• Management plan execution
- Script
• Usage Reports
• Management plan fulfillment by
executing workflows
• For example:
create VM from images,
OS, Sw stack,
Securit credentials, etc.
Virtualized Hw Service
Consumer
• Prepare service request from given input parameters
• Perform reservation of resources
• Approval and notifications on business level
•Service Catalog Service Topology Service Mgmt plan
Service Creator
Service Definition
• Account details
• Tracking of Resources Usage
• Finantial Reports
Requestor / Controller Catalog Manager
Lifecycle of a Cloud Service and main Actors
Cloud Computing Roles
Cloud Service Consumer
Cloud Service Creator
Cloud Service Provider
Cloud Product Provider
Cloud End User request & use resources
For example:
- OS virtual image - Development tools - Servers, storage, - Applications
Cloud Business User Financial, incl.
approval,
responsibility and accountability for consumed services
Service Developer - technical service template
- virtual images,
DBaaS images, multi- tenant applications, etc.
Service integrator Integration between cloud and existing IT environment
Offering manager Catalog offering
characteristics (price, cost, royalties,
technical artifacts,
Service Provider - responsible for making a service available to cloud consumers
- hosting capabilitiy
A Provider may act as a Consumer, in order to act as a Provider again
Cloud Product Provider
- selling capability to allow their customers to create and/or
provide cloud services - for final Clients
- Application Service Provider
Example: IBM WebSphere
Cloudburst Appliance
for building Private
IaaS
Chief information officers
Transform
responsiveness of
the IT infrastructure and development
Better manage compliance Corporate applications
managers
Speed the delivery of new products and services
Access new services that can improve business processes
Managed service providers
Open new revenue streams and offer differentiated higher- value services
Reduce support costs
Chief marketing officers
Strategically reinvent customer relationships
Share expertise among customers, employees and partners.
Data center managers
Serve up resources so staff can focus
on higher-value projects
Manage data center on flat or decreasing budgets
ISV, Developer
Shorten development lifecycle.
Compose new applications taking advantage of existing services.
Effectively build, test and deliver application
Private User
Easily find and access applications like
productivity tool.
Access his or her data, photos, … from
anywhere
Avoid loss of data
•\\
Start-up
Avoid large investm in IT infrastructure
Manage unexpect fast growth of bus
Regardless your role,
cloud computing is opening new opportunities
What is cloud?
Cloud Service models
Virtualization OS
Middleware Runtime
Data Applications
Risorse HW Virtualization
OS Middleware
Runtime Data Applications
Risorse HW
Virtualization OS
Middleware Runtime
Data Applications
Risorse HW Infrastructure
as a Service (IasS)
Platform as a Service
(PasS)
Software as a Service
(SasS)
Modelli di Servizio
Controllo
Personalizzazione Responsabilità Utente
R e s p o n s a b ili tà C lo u d P ro v id e r
From Iaas to SaaS: ownership shifts from User
(organization) to Cloud Service Provider
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Simple IaaS Services (VMs) Simple IaaS Services (VMs) Virtualization Management Virtualization Management
Virtualized Infrastructure
Monitoring
Capacity Management
and Planning
Event Management
Patch Management
Endpoint Compliance &
Management
Backup &
Restore
Cloud IaaS:
Infrastructure as a Service
IaaS - Giochi di ruolo in Cloud
Latenza
Presenza globale
performance
Scalabilita’
Elasticita’
... per milioni di giocatori
Cloud PaaS:
Platform as a Service
•model multi-tiered middleware, expose them as services into a self-service catalogue, automate their deployment and meter the resources used.
•manage the SLA of the provisioned middleware ( resiliency, middleware performance, security, etc.. )
•DB or data-caching services
•integration services that allow to integrate with external appliation or public clouds
•DevOps process services that automates the build, test and delivery of applications into a cloud environment
PaaS Services (Middleware) PaaS Services (Middleware)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
PaaS - Watson Developer Cloud
Platform to include Watson capabilities into new cognitive apps
Nnatural language processing,
hypothesis generation and evaluation, dynamic learning.
Access to technology, tools and APIs
... For Healthcare, Marketing, Research, Finance
SaaS e BPaaS:
Software e Business Proces as a Service
•Deployment and automation services for apps,
•security services, SaaS Services (Middleware) SaaS Services (Middleware)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
IBM SmartCloud Engage
Files
Meetings
Chat
Communities
Activities People
Blogs, Ideation
Email Docs
Calendar
Traveler Wikis
ibmcloud.com/social
Enterprise-class, security-rich, integrated tools:
Social Collaboration, Mail, & Web Conference services
Flexible client use – mobile, browser, tablet,
rich client Flexible subscriptions
starting at $8 per month
Princess Cruises – third-largest cruise line in the world accelerates expansion into Asia
Reduced costs
of extending collaboration and file sharing to employees across the company using a hybrid environment
“IBM SmartCloud ended up changing the way 99% less time to deploy
messaging and collaboration services to employees in emerging marketplaces, down from 3 or 4 months to 1 or 2 days
Rapid adoption
with access to online IBM training library of how-to videos available in 22 languages
Solution components
The transformation: Within weeks of deploying IBM SmartCloud for
Social Business services in Asia, the Princess Cruises IT team began getting requests for the same capabilities from employees across the company. Because IBM supports a hybrid environment, the team can extend these services quickly and cost-effectively.
Services
60 18/05/14 Seeing through the Cloud
SmartCloud for Social Business
Collaboration Suite
SmartCloud for Social Business
Collaboration Suite
Through the IBM SmartCloud, clients tap into SaaS solutions aligned by role and collaboration between business functions
SmartCloud for Legal
Contract Management Risk Analytics
Document Management
SmartCloud for Marketing
Demand Generation Campaign Analytics Agency Collaboration
SmartCloud for Procurement
Contract Management Spend Analysis
Strategic Sourcing
SmartCloud for City Operations
Transportation Planning Water Management Utility Optimization
SmartCloud for Human Resources
Talent Management Learning and Certification Employee Onboarding
SmartCloud for Sales &
Commerce
eCommerce Performance Analytics Quote Management
SmartCloud for Customer Care & Support
Engagement Advice Experience Management Client Success
6
What is cloud?
Deployment Models for Cloud Computing
Enterprise data center
Managed Private cloud
Enterprise
Multitenant Shared Private Cloud
A
Enterprise B
Public Cloud Services A
Users B
Enterprise Enterprise
Data Center Private
Cloud
Enterprise Data Center
IBM Operated Managed Private Cloud
Hosting Center Hosting Center
Hosted Private Cloud
Enterprise A
Shared Private Cloud
Cloud
Enterprise owned and operated Enterprise owned
and operated
Enterprise owned;
IBM operated Enterprise owned;
IBM operated
Customer/IBM owned and IBM operated
(single tenant) Customer/IBM owned
and IBM operated (single tenant)
IBM owned and operated (multi-tenant) IBM owned and
operated (multi-tenant)
Enterprise B Enterprise
C
1 2 3 4
Public Cloud
Cloud
IBM owned and operated (multi-tenant) IBM owned and
operated (multi-tenant) 5
User A
User B
User C User
D
User
…
Hosted Private Cloud Enterprise
data center
Private cloud
Deployment Models for Cloud Computing
Hardware OS
Multi-Tenant Application
Hardware OS
Schema Application
Instance Tenant
Application Instance Tenant
S4: Multi-Tenant S3: Multi-App
Instance
Hardware Schema Applicatio n
Instance Tenant
Schema Application Instance Tenant
OS
S2: Multi-Stack S1: Multi-VM
Hardware Schema Applicatio n
Instance Tenant
Schema Application Instance Tenant
OS OS
shared hardware
shared OS
shared middleware
shared application
Hardware OS Schema Multi-Tenant
Application
S5: Shared Multi-Tenant
shared application
Schema Applicatio n
Instance Tenant
OS
Hardware
S0: Singleton
No sharing
Middleware/Services Middleware/Services
MW / Services
MW / Services MW /
Services
MW /
Services Middleware/Services
MW / Services
DB DB
DB DB
DB DB DB
DB
Schema Schema Schema
Bespoke Customization Mass Customization
Lower Development Cost Lower Operating Cost
Greater Resource/Security Isolation More Sharing
Faster Launch / Time to Market Faster Iteration / Time to Value
Tenant Tenant Tenant Tenant
Tenancy Spectrum
Modelli di Deployment
An open cloud architecture is emerging
Software Defined Environment
Software Defined Environments provide the next
generation of infrastructure automation for real-time response
Application Aware Application Aware
Compute
Compute StorageStorage NetworkNetwork Analytics Patterns
Definition
Resource Smart Resource Smart
Software Defined Environment
• Fully virtualized, integrated & programmable infrastructure
• Infrastructure that captures workload requirements and deployment best practices
• Policy-based automation across infrastructure
• Analytics to optimize the environment in real-time
Application Aware that understands the unique workload requirements
Resource Smart that dynamically allocates infrastructure based on policies
So what is the IBM Cloud operating environment?
An open standards-based developer platform and marketplace
Traditional workloads Services and composition patterns API and integration
services
Mobile Data
DevOps Operational Application
services Security
…
TOSCA
A composition environment for new systems of engagement cloud apps | Flexibility to engage with hybrid cloud environments, IBM services, 3
rdparty, and open source | Automated provisioning of platform to speed go-to-market time | Standardized
patterns.
DevOps
Towards a composable API economy
Value
Rapid application development and delivery
API-accessible applications Multi-channel integration
Capability
Composition of services
Marketplace of internal and external services
External Ecosystem
Marketplace App
API
Services
API
Analytics API
Commerce API
Collaboration API
Location API
Data API API
Solutions
API economy Software
as a Service
IBM’s cloud platform is leveraging open technologies
OAuth
OSLC
Software as a Service API
economy
TOSCA
BlueMix: A Development Environment for the Cloud
Delivering a Composable Services development environment
Run Your Apps
The developer can chose any language runtime or bring their own. Just upload your code and go.
DevOps
Development, testing, monitoring, deployment and logging tools allow the developer to run the entire application
APIs and Services
A catalog of open source, IBM and third party APIs services allow a developer to stitch together an application in minutes.
Cloud Integration
Build hybrid environments. Connect to on- premises systems of record plus other public and private clouds. Expose your own APIs to your developers.
IBM Marketplace
Essential component to enable the API economy
IBM branded website for line- of-business users, developers, and IT teams to build,
consume and manage the applications that run today’s enterprises
Single point of entry for IBM’s extensive SaaS, PaaS and IaaS offerings
Comprehensive of IBM and Industry services delivered through IBM
It’s the enablement - via APIs - of services independent of service type or source
Centralized resource for IBM worldwide sales organization
Public demand driven by
IBM Marketplace
Continua con la
terza parte ...
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
Modelli computazionali
Service shift
Tecnologie abilitanti
2. What is cloud?
Definizione di cloud
Caratteristiche
Ciclo di vita del servizio in cloud
Cloud Service models
Cloud Deployment models
3. Why cloud?
Cloud workload affinity
Cloud benefits / challenges
1. IBM Cloud value proposition
L’impegno IBM per il cloud
Prodotti, servizi e soluzioni IBM per il cloud
Sitografia
2. What is cloud?
Cloud workload affinity
The cloud affinity of existing applications depends on multiple factors:
- compliance and cross-border issues,
- site-dependency (for performance or data size),
- app-specific benefits of migration, and the ease and cost of migration.
Workloads enabled for Cloud
eCommerce
Analytics
Public facing web pages and wiki’s, blog…
Data intensive workloads
Storage as a Service, Backup &
Restore
Software development environments, Test and Pre-production systems
Mature packaged offerings, like e-
Workloads not ready for Cloud
Workloads with cross-border issues
Workloads which depend on sensitive data normally restricted to the Enterprise
Workloads composed of multiple, co- dependent services
Workloads requiring a high level of auditability, accountability
Workloads based on 3rd party software which does not have a virtualization or
Workload affinity in Cloud
File & Print Data Warehousing
Data Mining
Systems Mgmt.
SME ERP/SCM/CRM
Lower Gain From External Cloud Higher Gain From External Cloud
Lower Pain To Cloud Delivery Higher Pain To
Cloud Delivery
Large Enterprise ERP/SCM/CRM
& Transaction Processing
Web Serving Numerical
[Low Data/Compute]
Numerical [High Data Transfer]
Collaboration
Application Dev’t.
& Test
“Database Centric” Architecture
“Content Centric” Architecture
“Loosely Coupled” Architecture
“Storage - Analytics” Architecture
“Virtualized Traditional” Architecture Virtual Desktop
Start Here
by www.osservatori.net CLOUD & ICT as a Service - 2012
Workloads can be classified according to cloud affinity
“Born in the Enterprise”
Systems of Record
“Born on the Cloud”
Systems of Engagement Scalable
Virtualized
Elastic
Multi-tenant
Standardized infrastructure Heterogeneous infrastructure
Primarily existing virtualized workloads, back office, middleware-based
Primarily emerging platform workloads, new development, web-facing, scale-out
on cloud, SaaS
Automated lifecycle Integrated lifecycle
Two Application Models will Co-exist in the Enterprise
by www.osservatori.net CLOUD & ICT as a Service - 2012
Benefits in adopting Cloud Business model
Challenges in adopting Cloud Business model
Network
Customization
Integration
Security
Privacy
Governance
Legal/Contract
Challenges in adopting Cloud Business model
Continua con la
quarta parte ...
1. Cloud computing: where does it come from?
Modelli computazionali
Service shift
Tecnologie abilitanti
2. What is cloud?
Definizione di cloud
Caratteristiche
Ciclo di vita del servizio in cloud
Cloud Service models
Cloud Deployment models
3. Why cloud?
Cloud workload affinity
Cloud benefits / challenges
1. IBM Cloud value proposition
L’impegno IBM per il cloud
Prodotti, servizi e soluzioni IBM per il cloud
Sitografia
2. IBM related
Reference architecture
Standards
5. IBM Cloud value proposition
Cloud Service Providers
Hosting and internet services vendors leveraging their infrastructure to provide cloud services
(to offer private cloud solutions, to enter the public cloud space.
Technology Providers
They experience leading position in specific technologies
They want to leverage the cloud to strengthen the position and extend the reach.
Cloud global players analysis framework (sample)
Application Providers
Software and services vendors who provide cloud-enabled application solutions.
Services vendors may provide cloud business and technical consulting as well as implementation services.
They both do not sell technology.
Mercato del Cloud: trends
Inizialmente, il mercato dell’
infrastructure as a service
market raggiungerà i $5.9 billion di fatturato globale nel 2014, poi la commoditizzazione, la
pressione sul prezzo e l’erosione dei margini ne determineranno il declino. In altre parole, i leader degli esordi come Amazon Web Services e Rackspace saranno I primi ad imboccare la parabola discendente.
Software as a service sarà adottato dalle aziende di
qualunque dimensione. Nel 2011
il suo mercato è stato di $21.2
billion e salirà a $92.8 billion nel
2016. A quel punto si avvicinerà
alla fase di maturità.
1997 Today
CIOs 128 1
Host data centers 155 7
Web hosting centers 80 5
Network 31 1
Applications 15,000 4,700
From 2002, IBM's own IT investments delivered a cumulative benefit yield of approximately $4 billion.
IBM IT
Transformation
Cloud-enabled Self-service for thousands of IBM researchers across dozens of countries.
The virtualized environment will use 80% less energy and 85% less floor space.
Project Big Green
Consolidation
Virtualization
Substantial savings being achieved in multiple dimensions:
energy, software and system management and support costs.
Data Center Efficiencies Achieved
IBM’s approach is based on its transformation
Almaden
Tokyo Zurich
Watson Austin
Pechino
Delhi Haifa
IBM Research Computing Cloud (RC2)
• Provides self service ‘on demand’ delivery solution for research computing resources
IBM Cloud Computing Centers for clients
On-site cloud computing infrastructure Deep architectural skills and resources Workshops on next generation workloads
Rapid deployment of first of a kind proofs of concept and pilots
Silicon Valley CA
Dublin Ireland
Johannesburg South Africa
Hanoi Vietnam Bangalore
India
São Paulo Brazil
Seoul South Korea Beijing
China Tokyo
Japan Raleigh
NC
Doha Qatar New York
NY
Singapore
Wuxi China
IBM Cloud Points of Delivery (POD)
Boulder
Raileigh
Enhingen Montpellier
Toronto
Tokio
Singapore Madrid
Sao Paolo
Sidney Secaucus
Frankfurt
Berna
Softlayer POD
13 Data Centers
19 Network PoPs
Global Network
100,000
SERVERS
21,000
CUSTOMERS
22,000,000
DOMAINS
Cloud Infrastructure Providers
Leveraging the IBM Cloud to provide IaaS/PaaS capabilities
Cloud Services Solution Providers
Create customized client solutions running on IBM SmartCloud
Cloud Technology Providers
Extending the function and value of IBM SmartCloud
Cloud Application Providers
Delivering standardized SaaS solutions on IBM SmartCloud
IBM Cloud partners ecosystem
The IBM Cloud Computing Reference Architecture (CCRA)
Represents the aggregate experience from hundreds of cloud client engagements and IBM-hosted cloud implementations
• Based on knowledge of IBM’s services, software & system experiences, including IBM Research
Provides guidance on how to build IaaS, PaaS, SaaS and service provider clouds using IBM technologies
IaaS: Cut IT expense and complexity through a cloud enabled data center
PaaS: Accelerate time
to market with cloud platform services
Innovate business models by becoming a cloud service provider
SaaS: Gain immediate access with business solutions on cloud
IBM’s Cloud Strategy
Business Process as a Service
Enabling business transformation Business Process
Solutions Application Application Application Application Application
Software as a Service
Marketplace of high value consumable business applications
Platform as a Service
Composable and integrated application development platform
Infrastructure as a Service
Enterprise class, optimized infrastructure External
Ecosystem Industry Collaboration Human Resources
Big Data &
Analytics Commerce Marketing
Development Big Data &
Analytics Security Integration Mobile Social Traditional Workloads Built using open standards
Compute Storage Networking
Built using open standards
Smarter Commerce Smarter Analytics
Smarter Cities Smarter Workforce Watson solutions Software solutions
Middleware solutions
SoftLayer
IBM SmartCloud Enterprise +
Public. Private. Dynamic Hybrid.
Think it. Build it. Tap into it.
Infrastructure
solutions
5. IBM Cloud value proposition
Prodotti, servizi e soluzioni IBM per il cloud
Strategize how to use cloud to drive savings and revenue growth.
Build and run your private or hybrid cloud.
Utilize cloud services delivered from IBM
SmartCloud.
Business Process as a Service
Software as a Service
Platform as a Service Expert
Integrated Systems
Cloud Platform Technologies
Cloud
Infrastructure Technologies Cloud Strategy
and Design
Cloud
Implementation
Cloud Migration
Services
Infrastructure as a Service
Strategize how to use cloud to drive savings and revenue growth.
Build and run your private or hybrid cloud.
Utilize cloud services delivered from IBM
SmartCloud.
