(1)

BIBLIOGRAFIA

Abel R. L., Laurini C. R. & Richter M., 2012. “A palaeobiologist’s guide to ‘virtual’micro-CT preparation”. Palaeontologia Electronica, 15(2):17p.

Andrews, R. C., 1908. “Description of a new species of Mesoplodon from Canterbury Province, New Zealand”. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural Hystory, 24:203-215.

Auer J. A., Goodship A., Arnoczky S., Pearce S, Price J., Claes L., Rechenberg B., Hofmann-Amtenbrinck M., Schneider E., Müller-Terpitz R., Thiele F., Rippe K. P. & Grainger D. W., 2007. “Refining animal models in fracture research: seeking consensus in optimising both animal welfare and scientific validity for appropriate biomedical use”. BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 8:72.

Bagi C. M., Hanson N., Andresen C., Pero R., Lariviere R., Turner C. H. & Laib A., 2006. “The use of micro-CT to evaluate cortical bone geometry and strength in nude rats: Correlation with mechanical testing, pQCT and DXA”. Bone, 38136-144.

Baird R. W., McSweeney D. J., Ligon A. D. & Webster D. L. (2004). “Tagging feasibility and diving of Cuvier's beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) and Blainville's beaked whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) in Hawaii”. Cascadia Research Collective Olympia Wa.

Baird R. W., Webster D. L., McSweeney D. J., Ligon A. D. & Schorr G. S., 2005. “ Diving behavior and ecology of Cuvier’s (Ziphius cavirostris) and Blainville’s Beaked Whales (Mesoplodon densirostris) in Hawaii”. Canadian Journal of Zoology: 1120-1128.

Baird R. W., Webster D. L, Schorr G. S., McSweeney D. J. & Barlow J., 2008. “Diel variation in beaked whale diving behavior”. Marine Mammals Science, 24(3):630–642.

Baker A.N., 2001. “Status, relationships and distribution of Mesoplodon bowdoini Andrews, 1908 (Cetacea: Ziphiidae)”. Marine Mammal Science 17:473-493.

Baker A. N. & van Helden A. L., 1999. “New records of beaked whales, Genus Mesoplodon, from New Zealand (Cetacea: Ziphiidae)”. Journal of The Royal Society of New Zealand, 29(3):235-144.

Beatty B. L. & Rothschild B. M., 2008. "Decompression syndrome and the evolution of deep diving physiology in the Cetacea." Naturwissenschaften, 95(9):793-801.

Bennett M. B., Ker R. F. & Alexander R., 1987. “Elastic properties of structures in the tails of cetaceans (Phocoena and Lagenorhynchus) and their effect on the energy cost of swimming”. Journal of Zoology (London), 211:177-192.

Bianucci G., Lambert O. & Post K., 2007. “A high diversity in fossil beaked whales (Mammalia, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) recovered by trawling from the sea floor off South Africa”.

(2)

Bianucci G., Post K. & Lambert O., 2008. “Beaked whale mysteries revealed by seafloor fossils trawled off South Africa”. South African Journal of Science, 104:140–142.

Braschi S., Cagnolaro L. & Nicolosi P., 2007. "Catalogo dei cetacei attuali del Museo di Storia Naturale e del Territorio dell'Università di Pisa, alla Certosa di Calci. Note osteometriche e ricerca storica". Atti Soc. tosc. Sci. nat., Mem., Serie B, 114:1-22.

Brodie P. F., 1989. “The White Whales Delphinapterus leucas (Pallas, 1776)”. In Handbook of Marine Mammals, (Ridgway S. H. & Harrison R., eds), Vol 4, pp. 119-144. Academic Press, London .

Buchholtz E. A., 2001. “Vertebral osteology and swimming style in living and fossil whales (Order: Cetacea)”. The Zoological Society of London, 253: 175-190.

Buchholtz E. A. & Schur S. A., 2004. “Vertebral osteology in Delphinidae (Cetacea)”. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 140:383–401.

Buchholtz E. A. & Stepien C. C., 2009. “Anatomical transformation in mammals: developmental origin of aberrant cervical anatomy in tree sloths”. Evolution & Development. 11(1):69 –79. Buchholtz E. A., Wolkovich E. M. & Cleary R. J., 2005. “Vertebral osteology and complexity in Lagenorhynchus acutus (Delphinidae) with comparison to other delphinoid genera”. Marine Mammals Science, 21(3):411–428.

Buchholtz E. A., 2009. “Modular evolution of the Cetacean vertebral column”. Evolution & Devolution, 9(3):278–289.

Cooper L. N., Berta A., Dawson S. D. & Reidenberg J. S., 2007. “Evolution of hyperphalangy and digit reduction in the cetacean Manus”. The Anatomical Record, 290: 654 – 672 .

Costidis, A. M., 2013. “Arteriovenous Patterns in Beaked Whales”. North Carolina Univ. at Wilmington Center for Marine Science.

Cozzi B., Mazzariol S., Podestà M. & Zotti A., 2009. “Diving Adaptations of the Cetacean Skeleton”. The Open Zoology Journal, 2009, 2, 24-32.

Cozzi B., Panin M., Butti C., Podestà M. & Zotti A., 2010. “Bone Density Distribution Patterns in the Rostrum of Delphinids and Beaked Whales: Evidence of Family-Specific Evolutive Traits”. The Anatomical Record, 293:235–242.

Cox T.M., Ragen T.J., Read A.J., Vos E. , Baird R.W., Balcomb K., Barlow J., Caldwell J., Cranford T., Crum L., D’Amico A. , D’Spain G., Fernàndez A., Finneran J., Gentry R., Gerth W., Gulland F., Hildebrand J., Houserp D., Hullar T., Jepson P.D., Ketten D., MacLeod C.D., Miller P., Moore S., Mountain D.C., Palka D., Ponganis P., Rommel S., Rowles T., Taylor B., Tyack P., Wartzok D., Gisiner R., Meads J. & Benner L., 2006. “Understanding the impacts of anthropogenic sound on beaked Whales”. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management,7(3):177–187.

Dalebout M. L., Van Helden A. & Van Waerebeek K., 1998. “Molecular genetic identification of southern hemisphere beaked whales (Cetacea: Ziphiidae)”. Molecular Ecology, 7:689-694.

(3)

Dalebout M. L., Baker C. S., Steel D., Thompson K., Robertson K. M., Chivers S. J., Perrin W. F., Goonatilake M., Anderson R. C., Mead J. G., Potter C. W., Thompson L., Jupiter D. & Yamada T. K., 2014. “Resurrection of Mesoplodon hotaula Deraniyagala 1963: A new species of beaked whale in the tropical Indo-Pacific”. Marine Mammals Science, 30(3):1081-1108. Doube M., 2015. “The Ellipsoid Factor for quantification of rods, plates and intermediate forms in 3D geometries”. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 6.

Dougherty, R., & Kunzelmann, K. H., 2007. “Computing local thickness of 3D structures with ImageJ”. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 13(S02):1678-1679.

DuBois D, DuBois E.F, 1916. “A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known”. Archives of Internal Medicine, 17:863–71.

Dudok Van Heel W.H., 1974. “Remarks on a live ziphiid baby (Mesoplodon bidens)”. Aquatic Mammals, 2(2):3-7.

Fish F. E., 2002. “Balancing Requirements for Stability and Maneuverability in Cetaceans”. Integrative and Comparative Biology, 42: 85-93.

Fish F. E. & Hui C A., 1991. “Dolphin swimming-a review”. Mammal Reviw, 21( 4): 181-195. FIish F. E., Beneski J. T., & Ketten D. R., 2007. “Examination of the Three-Dimensional Geometry of Cetacean Flukes Using Computed Tomography Scans: Hydrodynamic Implications”. The Anatomical Record, 290:614–623.

Fish F. E., & Peacock J. E., 2003. “Stabilization mechanism in swimming odontocete cetaceans by phased movements”. Marine Mammals Science, 19(3):515-528.

Fish F. E., 1996. “Transitions from Drag-based to Lift-based Propulsion in Mammalian Swimming”. American Zoologist, 36:628-641.

Gál, J. M., 1993. “Mammalian spinal biomechanics. I. Static and dynamic mechanical properties of intact intervertebral joints”. The Journal of experimental biology, 174(1):247-280.

Gingerich P., Raza S., Arif M., Anwar M. & Zhou X. (1994). “New whale from the Eocene of Pakistan and the origin of cetacean swimming”. Nature, 368: 844-847.

Gowans S., Whitehead H., Arch J. K. & Hooker S. K., 2000. “Population size and residency patterns of northern bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus) using the Gully, Nova Scotia”. Journal of Cetacean Research Menagement, 2(3):201–210.

Gowans S., & Rendell L. (1999). “Head-Butting in Northern Bottlenose Whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus): a possible function for big heads?”. Marine Mammal Science, 15(4): 1342-1350. Hardy M. D., 2005. “Extent, development and function of sexual dimorfisms in the skulls of the bottlenose whales (Hyperoodon spp.) and the Cuvier’s beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris)”

(4)

Harrigan T. P., & Mann R. W. (1984). “Characterization of microstructural anisotropy in orthotropic materials using a second rank tensor”. Journal of Materials Science, 19(3): 761-767. Harris L.E., Gross W.E. & Emery P.E., 2013. “Biology, Status, and Recovery Potential of Northern Bottlenose Whales (Hyperoodon ampullatus)”. DFO Can. Sci. Advis. Sec. Res. Doc. 2013/038. v + 35 p.

Heyning J. E., 1989. “Cuvier’s Beaked Whale Ziphius cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823”. In “ Handbook of Marine Mammals ” (Ridgway S. H., & Harrison R., eds) , Vol. 4 , pp. 289 – 308 . Academic Press , London .

Heyning J. E. & Mead J. G., 1996. “Contributions in Science”.

Hildebrand T. O. R. & Rüegsegger P. E. T. E. R. (1997). “Quantification of bone microarchitecture with the structure model index”. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Bio Medical Engineering, 1(1): 15-23.

Hildebrand T., Laib A., Müller R., Dequeker J. & Rüegsegger P. (1999). “Direct three‐ dimensional morphometric analysis of human cancellous bone: microstructural data from spine, femur, iliac crest, and calcaneus”. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 14(7):1167-1174.

Hooker S. K. & Baird R. W. (1999). “Deep–diving behaviour of the northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus (Cetacea: Ziphiidae)”. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 266(1420), 671-676.

Hooker S. K., Whitehead H., Gowans S. & Baird R. W., 2002. “Fluctuations in distribution and patterns of individual range use of northern bottlenose whales”. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 225:287–297.

Hubbs C. L., 1946. “First Records of Two Beaked Whales, Mesoplodon bowdoini and Ziphius cavirostris, from the Pacific Coast of the United States". Journal of Mammalogy, 27(3):242-255. Johnson M., Madsen P. T., Zimmer W. M. X., Aguilar de Soto N. & Tyack P. L., 2004. “Beaked whales echolocate on prey”. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 271 (6): S383-S386.

Jones E. C ., 1971. “Isistizcs brasiliensis, a squaloid shark, the probable cause of crater wounds of fishes and cetaceans”. Fishery Bulletin, 69(4):791-798.

Kellogg, R., 1928. “The history of whales-their adaptation to life in the water”. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 3(1):29-76.

Ketten, D. R., 2005. “Beaked whale necropsy findings for strandings in the Bahamas, Puerto Rico, and Madeira, 1999-2002”. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.

Knox FJ. 1870. “Observations on the Ziphidae, a Family of Cetacea”. Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand-Wellington Philosophical Society, 3:125–129.

(5)

Laporta P., Praderi R., Little V, & Le Bas A., 2005. “An Andrew's beaked whale Mesoplodon bowdoini (Cetacea, Ziphiidae) stranded on the Atlantic Coast of Uruguay”. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals, 4(2): 101-111.

Liem K. F., Bemis W. E., Walker W. F. & Grande L., 2001. “Functional Anatomy of Vertebrates. An Evolutionary Perspective”. (3rd eds.), pp. 370-416. Harcourt College Publisher, Fort Worth. Lick R. & Piatkowski U., 1998. “Stomach contents of a northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus) stranded at Hiddensee, Baltic Sea”. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 78(02): 643-650.

Lindberg, D. R., & Pyenson, N. D., 2007. “Things that go bump in the night: evolutionary interactions between cephalopods and cetaceans in the tertiary”. Lethaia, 40(4), 335-343. Long J. H., Pabst D. A., Shepherd W. R., McLellan W. A., 1997. “Locomotor design of dolphin vertebral columns: bending mechanism and morphology of Delphinus delphis”. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 200: 65-81.

Lorensen W. E. & Cline H. E., 1987. “Marching cubes: a high resolution 3D surface construction algorithm”. Computer Graphics, 21 (4).

Marino L., Uhen M. D., Frohlich B., Aldag J. M., Blane C., Bohaska, D. & Whitmore Jr, F. C., 2000. “Endocranial volume of mid-late Eocene archaeocetes (Order: Cetacea) revealed by computed tomography: implications for cetacean brain evolution”. Journal of Mammalian Evolution, 7(2):81-94.

MacLeod C. D., 2002. “Possible functions of the ultradense bone in the rostrum of Blainville's beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris)”. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 80 (1), 178-184. MacLeod, C. D., Pierce, G. J., & Santos, M. B., 2004. “Geographic and temporal variations in strandings of beaked whales (Ziphiidae) on the coasts of the UK and the Republic of Ireland from 1800-2002”. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management, 6 (1), 79-86.

MacLeod C. D., 2006. “How big is a beaked whale? A review of body length and sexual size dimorphism in the family Ziphiidae”. Journal of Cetacean Research and Management. 7(3):301–308.

McShea D. W., 1992. “A metric for the study of evolutionary trends in the complexity of serial structures”. Biological Journal of the Linnean Svciely, 45: 39-55.

McShea D. W., 1993. “Evolutionary Change in the Morphological Complexity of the Mammalian Vertebral Column” Source: Evolution, 47(3):730-740.

McSweeney D. J., Baird R. W. & Mahaffy S. D., 2007. “Site Fidelity Associations, and movements of Cuvier’s (Ziphius cavirostris) and Blainville’s (Mesoplodon densirosrtis) Beaked Whales off the Island of Hawaii”. Marine Mammals Science, 23(3): 666–687.

Mead J. G., 1989. “Bottlenose whales Hyperoodon ampullatus (Forster, 1770) and Hyperoodon planifrons (Flowers, 1882) . In “ Handbook of Marine Mammals ” (Ridgway S. H., and Harrison

(6)

Mead J. D., 1984. “Survey of Reproductive Data for the Beaked Whales (Ziphiidae)”. Report of the International Whaling Commision: 91-96.

Mead J. G., 1993. “The Systematic Importance of Stomach Anatomy in Beaked Whales”.

International Marine Biology Research Institute: IBI Reports, (4): 75-86.

Mead J. G., 2007. “Stomach Anatomy and Use in Defining Systemic Relationships of the Cetacean Family Ziphiidae (Beaked Whales)”. The Analtomical Record, 290:581-595.

Mezzana N., 1900. “Sulla cattura di un Hyperoodon bidens Flem. nel Mar Ligustico”. Boll. Natur. 20:121-122.

Moore J.C., 1963. “Recognizing Certain Species of Beaked Whales of the Pacific Ocean”. American Midland Naturalist, 70(2):396-428.

Moore J.C., 1968. "Relationship among the living genera of beaked whales, with classification, diagnoses and keys". Fieldiana Zoology, 53:206-298.

Odgaard A. & Gundersen H.J., 1993. “Quantification of connectivity in cancellous bone, with special emphasis on 3-D reconstructions”. Bone, 14(2):173-82.

Odgaard A., Kabel J., van Rietbergen B., Dalstra M. & Huiskes R., 1997. “Fabric and elastic principal directions of cancellous bone are closely related”. Journal of biomechanics, 30(5):487-495.

Pabst D. A., 1990. “Axial Muscles and Connective Tissues of Bottlenose dolphin”. In: “The bottlenose dolphin” (Leatherwood S. & Reeves R. R. eds), pp.29-49, Academic Press, San Diego.

Pabst D. A., 1993. “Intramuscular morphology and tendon geometry of the epaxial swimming muscles of dolphins”. Journal of Zoology, 230:159-176.

Pabst D. A., 2002. “To Bend a Dolphin: Convergence of Force Transmission Designs in Cetaceans and Scombrid Fishes”. American Zoologist, 40:146–155.

Pitman R. L., 2002. “Mesoplodont whales”. In Encyclopediaof Marine Mammals (Perrin W. F., Würsig B. & Thewissen J. G. M. eds.), pp. 738–742, Academic Press, San Diego.

Poli A., 2006. “Fisiologia degli Animali”, pp. 210-211. Zanichelli editore, Bologna.

Reidenberg J. S., 2007. “Anatomical Adaptations of Aquatic Mammals”. The Anatomical Record, 290: 507–513.

Rommel S. A., 1990. “Osteology of the bottlenose dolphin”. In: “The bottlenose dolphin” (Leatherwood S. & Reeves R. R. eds), pp.29-49, Academic Press, San Diego.

Ross G.J.B. (1984). “The smaller cetaceans of the south east coast of southern Africa”. Annals of the Cape Provincial Museums (Natural History), 15(2):173–410.

Russell M., Vailas A. C., Edgenon V. R., Sasson C., Nekooi A. & Durivage, J., 1983. “Dolphin tension matrix components”. Physiologist, 26: A-26.

(7)

Santos, M. B., Pierce, G. J., Smeenk, C., Addink, M. J., Kinze, C. C., Tougaard, S., & Herman, J. (2001). Stomach contents of northern bottlenose whales Hyperoodon ampullatus stranded in the North Sea. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 81(01), 143-150.

Sergeant D. E., St-Aubin D. J. & J. R. Geraci. 1980. “Life history and Northwest Atlantic status of the Atlantic white-sided dolphin, Lagenorhynchus acutus”. Cetology 37:1–12.

Stone M. D., & Turner A. J., 2012. “Use of Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) with Non-Human Vertebrates: Application, Challenges, and Practical Considerations for Research and Clinical Practice”. A Bird's-Eye View of Veterinary Medicine.

Slijper E. J., 1946. Comparative biologic-anatomical investigations on the vertebral column and spinal musculature of mammals. Verhandelingen, Afdeling Natuurkunde Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. Tweede Reeds, 42:1–128.

Slijper E. J., 1961. “Locomotion and locomotory organs in whales and dolphins (Cetacea)”. Symposia of the Zoological Society of London, 5:77–94.

Soldevilla M. S., McKenna M. F., Wiggins S. M., Shadwick R. E., Cranford T. W., Hildebrand J. A., 2005. “Cuvier’s beaked whale (Ziphius cavirostris) head tissues: physical properties and CT imaging”. The Journal of Experimental Biology 208: 2319-2332.

Thewissen J. G. M., Cohn M. J., Stevens L. S., Bajpai S., Heyning J. & Horton W. E., Jr., 2006. “Developmental basis for hind-limb loss in dolphins and origin of the cetacean bodyplan”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 103(22): 8414–8418.

Toriwaki J. & Yonekura T., 2002. “Euler Number and Connectivity Indexes of a Three Dimensional Digital Picture”. Forma, 17:183-209.

True F. W., 1910. "An Account of the Beakes Whales of the family Ziphiidae in the collection of the United States National Mesuem, with remarks on some specimens in other American Meseums". Smithsonian Institutions, United States National Meseum, Bulletin 73.

Tyack P. L., Johnson M., Aguilar Soto N., Sturlese A. & Madsen P. T., 2006. “Extreme diving of beaked whales”. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 209:4238-4253.

Uhen M. D., 2010. “The Origin(s) of Whales”. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 38(1):189-219.

Van Beneden P. J. & Gervais P., 1868-79. “ Osteographie des cetaces vivants et fossiles, comprenant la description et l’iconographie du squelette et du systeme dentaire de ces animaux, ainsi que des documents relatifs a leur histoire naturelle.” A. Bertrand, Paris: 355-424.

Velten B. P., Dillaman R. M., Kinsey S. T., McLellan W. A. & Pabst D. A., 2013. “Novel locomotor muscle design in extreme deep-diving whales”. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 216:1862-1871.

Viglino M., Flores D. A., Ercoli M. D. & Álvarez A., 2014. “Patterns of morphological variation of the vertebral column in dolphins”. Journal of Zoology 294:267-277.

(8)

Van Waerebeek K., Smeenk C., De Smet W.M.A. (1997). Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris in the North Sea, with a first record for the Netherlands (Scheldt estuary). Lutra 40(1):1-8.

Watson A. G. & Fordyce R. E., 1993. “Skeleton of two minke whales, Balaenoptera acutorostrata, stranded on the southeast coast of New Zealand”. New Zealand Natural Sciences, 20:1-14.

Whithead H., MacLeod C. D. & Rodhouse P., 2003. “Differences in niche breadth among some teuthivorous mesopelagic marine mammals”. Marine Mammals Science, 19(2):400-406. Weir C. R. 2006. “Sightings of beaked whales (Cetacea: Ziphiidae) including first confirmed Cuvier’s beaked whales Ziphius cavirostris from Angola”. African Journal of Marine Science, 28 (1): 173–175.

Whitehead H., Faucher A., Gowans S. & McCarrey S., 1997. “Status of the northern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon ampullatus, in the Gully, Nova Scotia”. Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa ON, 111 (2): 287-292.

Wiggins S. M., McDonald M. A. & Hildebrand J. A., 2012. “Beaked whale and dolphin tracking using a multichannel autonomous acoustic recorder”. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 131(1):156-163.

Wimmer T. & Whitehead H., 2004. “Movements and distribution of northern bottlenose whales, Hyperoodon ampullatus, on the Scotian Slope and in adjacent waters”. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 82(11):1782-1794.

Zylberberg, L., Traub, W., De Buffrenil, V., Allizard, F., Arad, T., & Weiner, S., 1998. “Rostrum of a toothed whale: ultrastructural study of a very dense bone”. Bone, 23(3): 241-247.

Zotti A., Gianesella M., Gasparinetti N., Zanetti E. & Cozzi B., 2011. “A preliminary investigation of the relationship between the ‘‘moment of resistance” of the canine spine, and the frequency of traumatic vertebral lesions at different spinal levels”. Research in Veterinary Science, 90: 179–184.

Zotti A., Poggi R. & Cozzi B., 2009. “Exceptional bone density DXA values of the rostrum of a deep-diving marine mammal: a new technical insight in the adaptation of bone to aquatic life”. Skeletal Radiology, 38:1123–1125.