DETERMINING THE STATE OF HEPA PROMOTION IN CONNECTION WITH BUSINESSES ON NATIONAL LEVEL IN SLOVENIA
www.activebusinesses.eu
2018
DETERMINING THE STATE OF HEPA PROMOTION IN CONNECTION WITH BUSINESSES ON NATIONAL LEVEL IN SLOVENIA,
INITIAL RESEARCH
Prepared by: Zavod APGA July, 2018
Vsebina
1 Introduction ... 4
2 Methodology ... 4
2.1 Desk research ... 4
2.2 Field research ... 4
2.2.1 Target groups ... 5
2.2.2 Responsiveness ... 5
3 Desk research ... 6
3.1 Geographical situation ... 6
3.2 Socio - Economy indicators ... 7
3.2.1 Slovenia in EU (EUROFOUND, 2017) ... 7
3.2.2 Koroška in Slovenia ... 10
3.3 Physical activity indicators ... 11
3.4 Absenteeism in Slovenia... 12
3.5 Regulations and initiatives ... 14
3.6 Institutions in field of health and sport... 15
4 Good practices health promotion and physical activity in businesses in Slovenia ... 15
4.1 Implemented by public (governmental) institutions ... 16
4.2 Implemented by NGO's ... 18
4.3 Examples of good practices in companies ... 21
5 Bibliography ... 24
6 Field research ... 26
6.1 Part I - Descriptive statistics ... 26
6.2 Part II - Formal actions to increase promotion of health and physical activity ... 29
6.3 Part III- Promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle in the workplace ... 35
6.4 Part IV Specific activities improving physical activity and healthy lifestyle ... 41
7 Conclusion ... 50
1 Introduction
According to WHO physical inactivity (lack of physical activity) has been identified as the fourth leading risk factor for global mortality inactivity and is estimated to be the main cause for approximately 21–25% of breast and colon cancers, 27% of diabetes and approximately 30% of ischaemic heart disease burden1.
Despite awareness of the health risks of being physically sedentary and the benefits of being physical active, inadequate physical activity levels are prevalent throughout the world.
The health and economic costs of physical inactivity are immense and rising. Various measures and recommendations have been introduced both at the level of the European Union and at national level, but it is unclear how many of these plans are operational and on track to achieve targets to reduce physical inactivity2.
The main aim of the Active Businesses project is to comprehensively address the issues of health promotion and through the synthesis of good practices in partner countries and the implementation of the program in practice, to find the forms and tools to more effectively approach the problem of unhealthy habits that cause damage to both individuals and the economy. In this regard, most attention among various risk factors is paid to physical inactivity and poor eating habits.
This research is aimed at identifying the situation at the national level and identifying the measures and good practices that have been introduced.
2 Methodology
Research took place in June 2018 using as a means of informing and conducting a survey.
2.1 Desk research
Desk research was done using available sources of information accessible over internet and involving public, non-governmental organizations, private institutions in the sphere of health, sport, economy, statistics and other.
2.2 Field research
Field research included one of the 12 Regions of Slovenia, which is Koroška (Carinthia).
1 WHO, http://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/pa/en/
22 NCD, https://ncdalliance.org/
Research was done using common questionnaires developed by partners of the project prepared in English language than translated to Slovenian language and distributed using google forms.
Survey was conducted by approaching general public mainly through businesses but differenting between employers and employees.
Several public institutions dealing with businesses, NGO's, regional development, sport and health issues were addressed to support our activities by providing information on the project and inviting them to complete the survey:
KOROCIV, regional NGO association
RRA Koroška, Regional Development Agency for Koroška
GZS Koroška, Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Koroška region chamber
ŠUS, Sport union of Slovenia 2.2.1 Target groups
The survey took place on regional level of Koroška, one of 12 regions in Slovenia, which population is 71.390 and 23.628 (in 2016) of them employed. In region there are 5.526 companies.
2.2.2 Responsiveness
Due to poor responsiveness, which was lower than expected, both by the institutions that we asked for cooperation and help in informing companies and employees, as well as by the companies and employees themselves who did not respond to our invitation and request, we had to repeatedly addressing again for cooperation.
We managed to collect 80 respondents to research questionnaire, 18 representing employers and 62 representing employees.
In part, a bad response can be attributed to the general political situation in Slovenia. the survey was conducted exactly during the parliamentary elections, which further influenced the unclear situation in Slovenia and, consequently, the greater apathy of the individual.
3 Desk research
3.1 Geographical situation
Figure 1 Koroška region - Slovenia
Koroška is located in the northern part of the Republic of Slovenia at the boundary of the Southern and the Central Alps. It consists of 12 municipalities: Črna na Koroškem; Mežica;
Prevalje; Ravne na Koroškem; Mislinja; Dravograd; Muta; Vuzenica; Radlje ob Dravi;
Podvelka; Ribnica na Pohorju, and Slovenj Gradec. The latter is the only one in the region with the status of an urban municipality.
With the area of a little over 1,000 km2 and almost 72.000 inhabitants, Koroška is one of the smaller Slovenian regions. The centre of the region consists of the Slovenj Gradec, Ravne na Koroškem, and Dravograd "conurbation". Specific regional characteristics are: large areas covered in forests; a dense river network, and the concentration of businesses in urban settlements in the valleys (the Meža, the Mislinja, and the Drava valleys). One of the particularities of the region is also an almost 100-km long frontier with the Republic of Austria, with 8 municipalities directly bordering the neighbouring country.
3.2 Socio - Economy indicators
3.2.1 Slovenia in EU (EUROFOUND, 2017)
According to Global Competitiveness Index 2017-2018 (World Economic Forum, 2017), Slovenia is ranked on 48th place of 137 countries around the world and 23th place out of 37 EU countries and 21st out of 28 EU countries.
Also, indicative data out of Global competitiveness report is a low labor market efficiency, where Slovenia is ranked 82nd in world.
Indicator “Reliance on professional management In your country«, which indicates who holds senior management positions in companies [1 = usually relatives or friends without regard to merit; 7 = mostly professional managers chosen for merit and qualifications), is ranks Slovenia on 69th place in world or 24th in Europe or 21st in EU 28 and which is also a reason for the inefficiency of Slovenian management (World Economic Forum, 2017).
Table 1 Labor market efficiency Slovenia - (World Economic Forum, 2017)
According to 6th European working conditions survey (EUROFOUND, 2017):
10% of Slovenian populations reports their health to be bad or very bad (EU-28 average is 8,8%) and 63% report their health to be good or very good (EU-28 average is 66,7%)
36% of workers (EU, 23%) believes their health is at risk because of work (figure 2) and 39 % (EU 58%) reports their organization has a health delegate or committee (figure 3).
Figure 2 Do you think your health or safety is at risk because of work
Figure 3 Does your organization have a health and safety delegate or committee
37% of man and 44% of women have reported sickness absence in last 12 months. At the same time 52% of man and 56% of woman reported they were working while being sick (presenteeism) (figure 4).
Figure 4 Sickness absence and presenteeism, by country and sex
There is increasing awareness of the costs of presenteeism; not least, it is associated with lower productivity.
An analysis of the association between the two phenomena and the job quality indices finds that good physical and social environments are strongly associated with less general absence from work, absence due to accidents, absence for more than five days and absence due to a (self-reported) work-related illness. Additionally, better job quality is associated with less presenteeism, with the exception of Skills and discretion.
A telling indicator is also perceived ability to work until the age of 60, where Slovenian woman are second to last, which is Turkey, in EU and 52% believe they could not be able to do their current or similar job until age of 60. Same opinion shares 35% of man (figure 5), while women aged 56 and over reporting ability to work in five years’ time scored last position in EU with 58% believing they could not be able to do their job.
Figure 5 Self-reported ability to work until the age of 60 by respondents aged 55 and under, by country and sex (%)
3.2.2 Koroška in Slovenia
Koroška is one of the oldest Slovenian industrial regions. In the previous centuries, the mining industry had been developed in the area, with mining possibly already being active in the Roman Age. After that, iron making, and the wood industry became prominent here, with the metal processing industry, component manufacture for the automotive industry, as well as mechanical engineering thriving in the recent years. These manufacturing industries still prevail in the regional economy, which is distinctively export-oriented.
The entire region of Koroška is identified as an area with limited possibilities for farming.
Because of its steep slopes and high altitudes, the region falls within the hill and mountain areas.
The Koroška region is facing development problems. In comparison to other regions, all indicators show that Koroška is below the Slovenian average (with the exception of a relatively young but rapidly ageing population). The region is increasingly falling behind the most developed regions, and according to the development risk index, it is in 8th place out of 12 Slovenian regions.
The Koroška statistical region generated 2.8% of national GDP in 2016. GDP per capita was the fourth lowest in the region (15,781 EUR/inhabitant).
Koroška Slovenia
Area km2 1.041 20.273
Population (2016) 73.821 2.059,114
Population Density (No. of Inhabitants/km2,) 69,1 101,6
Number of Municipalities 12 212
Average Age of Population 42,5 42,2
GDP/capita (in EUR, 2016) 15.781 19.574
Number of Working Population (2016) 23.628 792.948 Registered Unemployment Rate (2016) 10,6 13,1
Number of Companies (2016) 5.526 161.636
Table 2 Selected Indicators, Source: Statistical Office RS, http://www.stat.si/obcine/sl/2016/Region/Index/3
3.3 Physical activity indicators
3The analysis of physical activity has shown that 32.4% of adult Slovene population in the age group 25-64 years are sufficiently physically active to protect their health (at least 30
minutes of walking or moderate to intense physical activity 5 and more times a week). On the other side of the spectrum, there are 16.0% of adult Slovenians who are not physically active at all. Minimally physically active are 36.7% of them; marginally active in terms of health protection are 15.1% of adults (Fras, 2007).
Due insufficient physical activity that endanger health, the following population subgroups are threatened above average:
women:
• aged 25 to 49 years,
• Having completed at least four years of secondary school or gymnasium,
• active employees,
• from the lower social layer on one side and middle and upper middle layer on the other
• pages,
• from the urban and suburban living environment and
• from the western and central part of Slovenia.
It must be emphasized, however, that the greatest number of regularly as well as
occasionally active persons are found in the category of non-organized activities, when they actually see to their physical activity by themselves. The proportion of population
participating in various forms of organized physical activities (in sports clubs, societies, either under private ownership or within a work organization) is relatively small.
Summary of key problems in the field of health enhancing physical activity in Slovenia:
-too high a proportion of physically inactive population in all age groups;
3 National Health Enhancing Physical Activity Programme 2007-2012, Ministry of Health RS, 2007
-longer time spent by the population of all age groups in front of the television or a computer;
-too low a proportion of population that for the purpose of transport in their every- day routines walk and/or ride a bicycle;
-an insufficient awareness of the population of the importance of regular health
enhancing physical activity in all periods of life.
-lacking infrastructure for safe performance of physical activity;
-shortage of attractive health enhancing physical activity programs.
3.4 Absenteeism in Slovenia
4Statistics show that the Koroška region has the highest percentage of sick leave in Slovenia, and that the percentage has increased since 2014 (National Institute for Public Health, 2018).
Graph 1 Absentisem by regions in Slovenia
Far the most common cause of absenteeism are injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
According to Pan European opinion poll on occupational safety and health (EU OSHA, 2013) research on occupational safety and health conducted in 2013, only 12% of Slovenian
4 NIJZ, National institute for public health, http://www.nijz.si/sl/podatki/novo-na-nijz-podatkovnem-portalu- bolniska-odsotnost-v-letu-2017
employees believes that it is very likely and 18% that it is likely that there will be a higher proportion of people aged over 60 working at their own workplace in 2020 (graph 2).
Graph 2 How likely, if at all, do you think it is that there will be a higher proportion of people aged over 60 working at your own workplace in 2020? (%)
Only 5% of businesses already have programs or policies at workplace to make it easier for workers to continue working up to or beyond retirement age (graph 3)
Graph 3 Please say if you already have programmes or policies at your workplace to make it easier for workers to continue working up to or beyond retirement age. (%)
42 41 40
32 31 27 26 26
24 23 23 23 22 22 19 19 19 17 16 1615 15 14 13 13 12 12 12 12 12 12 9 9 26 29
14 34 27 31
26 26 28
25 24 2036 2334
29 22 24 31 2433
21 33 31 2232
22 22 22 22 18 2519 1315
19 15
20 21
22 2129
21 1734 22
17 2628
30 31 28
26 27
25 2724
28 39
31 30 27 21
9 29
23 1613
2315 18 16
21 2116 24 31
20 16 38
15 20
25 24 19 31 19 30
21 24 36
13
28 32 35 24 49
26 30
UK CY EL IT DE DK ALL EU27 ES BE FR PT NO IE SE AT PL CH NL CZ LU MT FI EE HU LI IS LV LT BG SI SK RO
Very likely Fairly likely Fairly unlikely Very unlikely
24 23 23
16 15 14 14 14
12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11
9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7
6 5 5 4 4 3 1
CH DK UK NL SE FI FR NO ALL EU27 ES LU PL AT BE SK EE HU IE CZ DE IS LI MT PT RO LV LT SI BG IT CY EL
Already exist
2nd European Survey of Enterprises on New and Emerging Risks, (EU OSHA, 2014), shows that in Slovenia 34% of businesses have specific budget set each year for health and safety measures and equipment in their establishment while EU average is 43%(graph 4)
Graph 4 Is there a specific budget set each year for health and safety measures and equipment in your establishment?
3.5 Regulations and initiatives
Slovenia has adopted most of the guidelines of the European Union.
• National Healthcare Program, 2000 The aim of this document is to integrate the future development of state healthcare in which the legal framework should be taken into account and the healthcare programs must be implemented in the context of the implementation of the World Health Organization's strategies.
• National Sports Program In the basics of the national sports program, the
importance of sports is emphasized, which "forms an individual, contributes to the balance between work and relaxation, strengthens his health and promotes his creativity. By respecting the rules and the correct attitude towards all participants of the sport, it encourages mutual cooperation and the role of the individual in the group. It must also become an important factor in health awareness. Sport plays an important role in preventing and treating a range of sociopathological phenomena, especially among young people, in Slovenia and in the world. "
• The Radenska Declaration was adopted at the international conference
"Strengthening Health with Movement and Healthy Food" in 2002 with the aim of promoting a healthy lifestyle, the prevention of various chronic diseases and the improvement of the quality of life through healthy eating and increased physical / sporting activity.
• The Movement to Health Declaration was signed on the occasion of the World Health Day on 5 April 2002. It draws attention to the effects of inactive lifestyles and the positive effects of physical activity on human health and outlines health-
beneficial forms of movement.
• The Government of the Republic of Slovenia's strategy in the field of physical activity, which in its introduction states that insufficient physical activity is one of the most important factors in the unhealthy lifestyle, which is also contributed by
unhealthy diet, smoking, illicit drugs, stress and consumption of alcoholic beverages.
It has been scientifically proven that the listed factors of an unhealthy lifestyle are
among the key in the processes of the emergence, progression and occurrence of complications of the most important chronic non-communicable diseases (NCD):
cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, certain cancers, some chronic lung diseases, obesity, osteoporosis and other diseases of the musculoskeletal system (RS, Ministry of Health, 2007).
• The Basic Principles of the Occupational Health and Safety Act, 2011, which stipulate the employer's duty to provide more active inclusion of occupational medicine in the prevention of injuries at work, occupational diseases and work- related illnesses.
• Established the Health Council, which has been working with the Government of the Republic of Slovenia since 2008.
• Health and Safety at Work Act has been adopted in 2011 and includes a provision on compulsory health promotion at the workplace
• National Health Enhancing Physical Activity Program 2007-2012, adopted by RS Ministry of health in 2007.
3.6 Institutions in field of health and sport
In Slovenia, the following institutions are engaged in the promotion of health also related to businesses:
Public institutions:
• Ministry of health
• National Institute of Public Health (NIJZ)
• Clinical Institute for Occupational, Traffic and Sport Medicine (KIMDPŠ)
• Institute for Health Insurance of Slovenia Private institutions:
• The Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (ZVD)
• There are several private companies in field of occupational safety NGO's engaged in sport and physical activity:
• Sports Union of Slovenia
• Olympic Committee of Slovenia, Paraolympic Committee of Slovenia
There are also private entities working mostly on local level dealing with HEPA programs.
4 Good practices health promotion and physical activity in businesses in Slovenia
Presented are some examples of good practices. There are several examples of good practices, though, but they are unrelated to each other, and most last for short period of time depend on funding. Most of these programs or projects are linked to funding from
European funds. The latter also applies to the presented projects (except for company programs).
4.1 Implemented by public (governmental) institutions
Title Z gibanjem do zdravja (ZGDZ); Physical activity for health
Lead Body CINDI Slovenia Place Slovenia
Picture
Aims of the project
The purpose of the European HEPA "Health Enhancing Physical Activity" is to strengthen and support efforts and activities that can enhance international cooperation and improve the conditions for a healthy lifestyle, in particular in the field of physical activity, which promotes health. Slovenia is involved in the project in one of the seven European networks working in the field of health promotion.
The primary purpose of this national "HEPA" population project (or a national project to promote physical activity for health improvement) since 1999 is to increase the general public's awareness of the importance physical activity for health and thus influence the improvement of physical habits in the population who are physically inactive or underweight.
The basic messages of the project are:
"Regular exercise of moderate physical activity (at least) 5 times a week for (at least) half-hour enhances the health of adults" and
"Regular exercise of day-to-day intense physical activity for (at least) an hour enhances the health of children and adolescents."
Description of the activities
media promotion of the HEPA,
distribution of free promotional ZGDZ materials (posters, leaflets and booklets),
Free fitness tests using the so-called. "Municipal" walking trials of 2 km including accompanying activities such as:
blood pressure measurement, weight index measurement,
demonstration of Nordic walking and
o individual advice on increasing physical habits and a healthy lifestyle in general.
Duration Since 1999
Involved actors
European Network for the Promotion of Physical Activity and Health Promotion HEPA Europe,
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Slovenia,
Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia,
Association for Nordic Walking and Recreation Slovenia,
some Regional Health Institutes,
most Slovene health centers with health education centers,
some sporting society and associations and other sports organizations,
some patient societies and other societies,
some schools,
some municipalities and
- other interested organizations.
Funding EU & Public funds
Link
http://cindi-
slovenija.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=133&Itemid=
66
Title Čili za delo, Fit for work
Lead Body Klinični inštitut za medicino dela, prometa in športa (KIMDPŠ), Clinical Institute of Occupational, Traffic and Sports Medicine
Place Slovenia
Picture
Aims of the project
Fit for work is a health promotion program at the workplace. Through this program, the provider wants to raise awareness among workers and employers of a healthy lifestyle in the workplace and on the creation of health-friendly working conditions.
In a survey in the framework of the "Fit for Work" project, it was concluded that only in a good quarter (28%) of companies, health promotion programs were already implemented in Slovenia.
Description of the activities
research-analytical (October 2004 - April 2005),
Phare project (May 2005 - September 2006) and
implementation of the program (from January 2007) o education for health promotion advisors o researches
o promotional and activities o publications
Duration Since 2004 Involved
actors Klinični inštitut za medicino dela, prometa in športa (KIMDPŠ), Funding EU & public funds
Link http://www.cilizadelo.si/cili-za-delo.html
4.2 Implemented by NGO's
Title Zdravju prijazna organizacija; Health friendly organization
Lead Body Športna unija Slovenije, Sport Union Slovenia
Place Slovenia
Picture
Aims of the project
The program Healthy organization is based on a comprehensive treatment of the individual and the whole organization in terms of maintaining and strengthening health in the field of healthy lifestyle of employees, in particular physical fitness, healthy eating and stress prevention. The program also focuses on a healthy work environment, ergonomics of the workplace, air quality measurements and other parameters that affect a healthy working environment
Description of the activities
Certificate A health-friendly organization is an advisory-audit process based on a socially responsible principle of cooperation with employees, with emphasis on healthy exercise, balanced nutrition and stable mental health at work and in private life.
The certificate provides positive effects in professional and private life and reflects competitive advantages with positive economic effects for the company and long-term effects for society in order to preserve and enhance the physical and mental health of employees.
The certificate can be obtained from companies, public institutions and non-governmental organizations and associations with at least five employees registered and established in the Republic of Slovenia.
Certified organizations acquire a quality tool for carrying out activities related to integrated health care at the workplace
Duration It is an ongoing project
Involved actors
Sport union Slovenia
Organizations:
- Businesses
- Public institutions Funding Private funds
Link http://www.zdravjuprijaznaorganizacija.si/
Title Športne igre zaposlenih; Sports games of employees
Lead Body National Olympic Committee Slovenia
Place Slovenia
Picture
Aims of the project
The project aim is to encourage the business public to sport activities and to strengthen the link between economy and sport through sports, socializing and entertainment. The sports games of employees take place between May and September in different places around Slovenia.
Description of the activities
The project represents a competition in five Olympic sporting disciplines and is designed as a competition for teams of employees in companies, institutions and other organizations in the Slovenian market, namely: mini football, basketball 3x3, volleyball, tennis and running and other activities according to the choice of participants.
Duration 2015 - ongoing Involved
actors Olympic Committee: Regional sport associations Funding EU & public funds & private funds
Link http://www.olympic.si/sport-za-vse/sportne-igre-zaposlenih-2018
4.3 Examples of good practices in companies
Title Gorenje Worksite health promotion
Lead Body Gorenje Velenje
Place Slovenia
Picture
Aims of the project
At the level of the Gorenje Group management also included in the system of balanced indicators the reduction in the number of work incidents by 20% by 2018 compared to 2013. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to increase the motivation of employees for safe and healthy work.
In achieving these goals, health promotion at the workplace plays an important role. They set important starting points and measurable and evaluated indicators for monitoring the health promotion program. The measures we implement are divided into two parts:
on workplace measures and
Measures for a healthy lifestyle.
Description of the activities
In 2015 all activities were combined in the campaign "The Year of Safe and Healthy Work 2015 in Gorenje". The logo of
the project was selected, and all the activities of the project could be monitored by
employees on the intranet site of gorenje portal.
For the promotion of health of the employees, company Gorenje Velenje implements various programs such as:
improving the ergonomics of the working environment
workshops on alcohol, healthy food, stress
Physical activities
• introduction of active, 10 minutes breaks for workout at the workplace. Trained leader is executing exercise at work.
Physical activity exercises is carried out in all production facilities, including management.
• promotion activities and workshops on healthy lifestyle, healthy nutrition, stress, diabetes, alcohol consumption, and others are carried out.
• yearly company games are organized including all company branches
• Sport recreational club and Mountaineering club are offering regular activities for the employees, cofinanced by company
• real-time analysis of the effects is carried out including health, absenteeism and financial indicators
• Year of safety and health at work campaign held in 2015 Duration Ongoing
Involved
actors Company
Funding Private 8 Company)
Link
https://www.gorenjegroup.com/si/gorenje-group/trajnostni- razvoj/zaposleni
http://www.zdravi-in-uspesni.si/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/velenje- vzd-2016-pzd.pdf
Title KRKA worksite health promotion
Lead Body KRKA d.d., pharmaceutical company
Place Slovenia
Picture
Aims of the project
systematic monitoring of health indicators
Increasing employee awareness of the importance of appropriate physical activity
encouraging recreation to maintain good psycho-physical preparedness
participation in preventive health recreation
proper nutrition
personal development
Description of the activities
• promotion of sports activities under a single slogan “Sport is part of us”
• physical activity program on worksite (Stretchware)
• anty smoking activity
• action for the complete absence of alcohol and drugs in the workplace
• action “Fit to work”
• publishing booklets “In the care of your health” with tips for a healthy life
• systematic monitoring of health indicators
• increasing employee awareness of the importance of appropriate physical activity
• encouraging recreation to maintain good psycho-physical preparedness
• participation in preventive health recreation
• proper nutrition
• personal development
• regular preventive medical examinations
• workshops on healthy life (with a doctor)
• organization of guided exercises (for over 40 years within the Trim Club Krka, recreational competitions in Slovenia, around 1400 employees participate)
• organizing sporting events (winter and summer sports day, the Krka Group)
• competition between company sectors (selecting the best sector in sports recreation)
• participation in the Workers' Sports Games Duration ongoing
Involved
actors Company
Funding Company, private
Link
https://www.krka.biz/sl/o-krki/druzbena-odgovornost/
https://www.olympic.si/datoteke/Krka%20-
%20Skrb%20za%20zdravje%20zaposlenih%20je%20tudi%20na%C5%A1a%
20odgovornost.pdf
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Stergar, E., & Urdih Lazar, T. (2005). Pripravljenost delodajalcev na izvajanje programov promocije zdravja in njihov odnos do zdravja. Sanitas et labor, 4(1), 135-167.
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6 Field research
6.1 Part I - Descriptive statistics
There were 80 responds to the questionnaire, 62 were done by employees and 18 were done by employers (table 2, graph 5)
Position at your company
Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid Employer 18 22,5 22,5 22,5
Employee 62 77,5 77,5 100,0
Total 80 100,0 100,0
Table 3 number of respondents according to position
Graph 5 Number of respondents according to position at company Number of respondents according to size of company was progressively distributed from micro to large companies (table 3, graph 6), 12 respondents or 15% were from micro companies and 29 respondents or 36,3% were from large companies.
Enterprise size according to number of employees
Frequency Percent
Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid micro (<10 employees) 12 15,0 15,0 15,0
small (<50 employees) 16 20,0 20,0 35,0 medium-sized (<250
employees)
23 28,7 28,7 63,7
large (> 250 employees) 29 36,3 36,3 100,0
Total 80 100,0 100,0
Table 4 number of respondents according to company size
Graph 6 Number of respondents according to number of employees
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
micro (<10
employees) small (<50
employees) medium-sized (<250 employees)
large (> 250 employees)
0 20 40 60 80
Employer Employee
According to type of business majority respondents were from business&information&ICT companies (table 4, graph 7).
Business Industry Type
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent Valid Agriculture &
Forestry/Wildlife
3 3,8 3,8 3,8
Business & Information &
ICT
28 35,0 35,0 38,8
Construction & Utilities &
Contracting
15 18,8 18,8 57,5
Education 12 15,0 15,0 72,5
Finance & Insurance 3 3,8 3,8 76,3
Food & Hospitality 4 5,0 5,0 81,3
Health Services 3 3,8 3,8 85,0
Safety/Security & Legal 2 2,5 2,5 87,5
Transportation 5 6,3 6,3 93,8
Other 5 6,3 6,3 100,0
Total 80 100,0 100,0
Table 5 number of respondents according to company type
Graph 7 Number of respondents according to company type
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
In which of the following sectors do you work?
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid Public Service 20 25,0 25,0 25,0
Commercial 33 41,3 41,3 66,3
Semi-State sector 6 7,5 7,5 73,8
Private Sector 19 23,8 23,8 97,5
Third sector 2 2,5 2,5 100,0
Total 80 100,0 100,0
Table 6 number of respondents according to company sector
Graph 8 Number of respondents according to company sector
In correlation to sector 41% respondent is from commercial sector, 25% from public service, 23% from private sector (table 6, graph 8)
Type of location your company is based
Frequency Percent Valid Percent
Cumulative Percent
Valid 50K residents 48 60,0 60,0 60,0
51-100K residents 4 5,0 5,0 65,0
101- 250K residents 4 5,0 5,0 70,0
250K residents or more 24 30,0 30,0 100,0
Total 80 100,0 100,0
Table 7 number of respondents according to company location
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Public
Service Commercial Semi-State
sector Private
Sector Third sector
Graph 9 Number of respondents according to company location REMARK
There might have been misunderstanding of the question regarding population of the area where companies are located. In Slovenia only capital city has population over 250k and most of cities have population up to 50k residents. It is not clear whether respondents misunderstood the question, or they were referring to region population.
Thus, there are no correlations done regarding location of company.
6.2 Part II - Formal actions to increase promotion of health and physical activity
Q2 Does your company have a policy setting out the policy and goals in the field of health and physical activity promotion at the workplace?
Position at your company Total
Employer Employee
yes 13 28 41
no 5 25 30
Doesn't apply 0 9 9
Total 18 62 80
Table 8 Policy setting in correlation to position
Graph 11 Policy setting
Half of companies has accepted internal policy and goals in the field of health and physical activity (table 8, graph 11).
In correlation to position 72% of employers and 45% of employees stated policies to be set (graph 10).
0 10 20 30 40 50
50K
residents 51-100K
residents 101- 250K
residents 250K residents or
more
0 10 20 30
yes no Doesn't
apply Employer Employee
yes no 51%
38%
Doesn't apply 11%
Graph 10 Policy in correlation to position
Graph 12 Policy in correlation to size Graph 13 Policy in correlation to sector, In correlation to size of company number of companies rises progressively Micro and small companies 33% and 31% of companies have accepted policies while medium and large companies more than 52% and 68% have accepted policies (graph 12).
Only in commercial sector most of commercial companies have accepted policies, while in other sectors less than 50% have (graph 13).
Graph 14 Policy in correlation to company type
In correlation to company type only in construction&utilities and educational companies policies were set in less than 50% of companies’ (graph 14).
10%0%
20%30%
40%50%
60%70%
80%90%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply 0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply
Q3 Does your company provide information about the law and regulations concerning breaks in the workplace?
Position at your
company Total
Employer Employee
yes 14 42 56
no 4 17 21
Doesn't apply 0 3 3
Total 18 62 80
Table 9 Information in correlation to
position Graph 15 Information about law and
regulations
70% of companies provide information about the law and regulations concerning brakes in the workplace (table 9, graph 15).
77% of employers and 66% of workers stated that companies provide information (graph 16).
Graph 16 Information in correlation top position
Graph 17 Information in correlation to size Graph 18 Information in correlation to sector 42% of micro, 56% of small, 82% of medium and 79% of large companies provide
information concerning brakes (graph 17).
In correlation to sector only in private sector provides less than 50 % (47%) of companies provides information concerning brakes (graph 18).
In correlation to company type information’s are provided in less than 50% only in educational sector (graph 19).
0 10 20 30 40 50
Employer Employee yes no Doesn't apply
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply yes 70%
no 26%
Doesn't apply 4%
Graph 19 Information in correlation to company type
Q4 Does your company have any internal rules or policies that include allowing employees to work flexible hours to take part in the physical activity?
Position at your
company Total
Employer Employee
yes 6 10 16
no 12 35 47
Doesn't apply 0 17 17
Total 18 62 80
Table 10 Internal rules in correlation to position
Only 20% of companies has accepted internal rules to enable workers to take part in physical activity (table 10, graph 20).
In correlation to position 33% of employers are aware of internal rules while only 16% of
employees do and 17% replied it doesn’t apply to their company (graph 21).
Graph 21 Internal rules in correlation to position
10%0%
20%30%
40%50%
60%70%
80%90%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply
0 10 20 30 40
Employer Employee
yes no Doesn't apply
20%yes
no 59%
Doesn't apply 21%
Graph 20 Internal rules
Graph 22 Internal rules in correlation to size Graph 23 Internal rules in correlation to sector In correlation to size 25% of micro, 0% of small, 17% of medium and 31% of large companies have internal rules to enable workers to take part in physical activity (graph 22).
In correlation to sector 20% of public service, 21% of commercial, 16% of semi state and 21%
of private companies have internal rules to enable workers to take part in physical activity (graph 23).
Graph 24 Internal rules in correlation to company type
In correlation to company type only in food&hospitality and health service companies more than 50% have internal rules to enable workers to take part in physical activity (graph 24). In construction companies there are no such rules.
10%0%
20%30%
40%50%
60%70%
80%90%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply 20%0%
40%60%
100%80%
yes no Doesn't apply
20%0%
40%60%
100%80%
yes no Doesn't apply
Q5 Is there a coordinator/manager who is responsible for planning and evaluating of physical activity program?
Position at your
company Total
Employer Employee
yes 5 12 17
no 13 29 42
Don't know 0 3 3
Doesn't apply 0 18 18
Total 18 62 80
Table 11 Coordinator in correlation to position Graph 25 Coordinator for PA
21% of companies have coordinator responsible of planning and evaluating physical activities program (table 11, graph 25).
27% of employers and 19% of employees are aware of existence of coordinator. 23% of workers and employers stated that this doesn’t apply for their company and 4% of workers don’t know of any (graph 26).
Graph 26 Coordinator in correlation to position
Graph 27 Coordinator in correlation to size Graph 28 Coordinator in correlation to sector In correlations to size 8% of micro, 0% of small, 22% of medium and 387% of large
companies have coordinator responsible of planning and evaluating physical activities program (graph 27).
In correlations to sector 35% of public service, 27% of commercial, 16% of semi state and 0%
of private companies have coordinator responsible of planning and evaluating physical activities program (graph 28).
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Employer Employee yes no Don't know Doesn't apply
20%0%
40%60%
100%80%
yes no Don't know Doesn't apply
20%0%
40%60%
100%80%
yes no Don't know Doesn't apply yes
21%
no 52%
Don't know
4%
Doesn't apply 23%
Graph 29 Coordinator in correlation to company type
In correlation to company type there are no, 0%, coordinators in construction&itilities type of companies, while in other types of companies coordinator responsible of planning and evaluating physical activities program is present in less than 20% (graph 29).
6.3 Part III- Promotion of physical activity and healthy lifestyle in the workplace
Q6 How do you rate your company's support in promoting physical activity in general (1 - the lowest satisfaction; 5 - the highest satisfaction)?
Position at your
company Total Employer Employee
1 0 9 9
2 1 13 14
3 6 18 24
4 9 18 27
5 2 4 6
Total 18 62 80
Table 12 Company support in correlation to
position Graph 30 Company support in promoting PA
Regarding company support in promoting physical activity in general 28% rated low, 30%
rated with middle score and 34% are satisfied and 8% very satisfied (table 13, graph 30)
10%0%
20%30%
40%50%
60%70%
80%90%
100%
yes no Don't know Doesn't apply
1
11% 2
17%
3 30%
4 34%
5 8%
In correlation to position average rate is 3,0.
There is an evident difference between employers with average score 3,6 and among employees 2,9 (graph 31).
Graph 31 Company support in correlation to position
Graph 32 Company support in correlation to size Graph 33 Company support in correlation to sector
In correlation to size company support was rated better in larger companies (graph 32).
In correlation to sector support was rated better in commercial sector (graph 33).
Graph 34 Company support in correlation to company type
In correlation to company type support was rated better in business&ICT (average 3,3), education (average 3) and construction (average 2,7) (graph 34).
20%0%
40%60%
100%80%
1 2 3 4 5
0%
20%40%
60%80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
1 2 3 4 5
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Employer Employee
1 2 3 4 5
Q7 Does your company provide employees with information on the benefits of physical activity?
Position at your
company Total
Employer Employee
yes 13 33 46
no 5 23 28
Doesn't apply 0 6 6
Total 18 62 80
Table 13 In correlation to
position Graph 35 Information on benefits of PA
57% of companies provide information on benefits of physical activity (table 14, graph 35).
In correlations to position 72% of employers and 53% of workers answered positively (graph 36).
Graph 38 Information on PA benefits incorrelation to position
In correlation to size 42% of micro, 18% of small, 65% of medium and 79% of large companies provide information on benefits of physical activities (graph 37).
In correlation to sector 55% of public service, 79% of commercial, 66% of semi state and 26%
of private companies provide information on benefits of physical activities (graph 38).
0 20 40
Employer Employee yes no Doesn't apply
20%0%
40%60%
100%80%
yes no Doesn't apply
20%0%
40%60%
100%80%
yes no Doesn't apply yes 57%
35%no
Doesn't apply 8%
Graph 36 Information on PA benefits
incorrelation to size Graph 37 Information on PA benefits incorrelation to sector
Graph 39 Information on PA benefits in correlation to company type
In correlation to company type, business&CT companies in 72% provide information on benefits of physical activities (graph 39).
Q 8 What kind of tools are used to encourage employees to be physically active
Posters Video Activities informations
Dont know
Doesn't aply
Total
Employer 9 1 12 10 1 1 18
Employee 25 3 27 25 15 6 62
Total 34 4 39 35 16 7 80
Table 14 Tools in correlation to position Graph 40 Tools to encourage PA
In 29 % companies use different activities to encourage employees to be physically active, in 26% they use information and 25% posters (table 15, graph 40).
There is no significant difference in what tools are used in correlation to position except that employees to a much greater extent don't know (15% of any tool or state that it doesn't apply (6%) to their company (graph 41).
10%0%
20%30%
40%50%
60%70%
80%90%
100%
yes no Doesn't apply
Posters 25%
Video Activities 3%
29%
informations 26%
Dont know 12%
Doesn't aply 5%
0 10 20 30 40
Employer Employee
Graph 41 Tools in correlation to position
