dei rumori nei cani:

Efficacia della L-Teanina nel trattamento delle fobie specifiche nei confronti

dei rumori nei cani:

risultati preliminari

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Introduzione e scopo del lavoro

Il trattamento delle fobie dei rumori forti prevede la terapia comportamentale e, talvolta, un supporto farmacologico. Questo studio si propone di stabilire l’efficacia dell’associazione di L-Teanina, sostanza naturale derivata dalla pianta del tè, e terapia comportamentale nel trattamento di tali disturbi e valutare eventuali conseguenti variazioni del livello di cortisolo ematico.

Materiali e metodi

20 soggetti con fobia specifica nei confronti dei rumori sono stati selezionati attraverso una visita comportamentale e, successivamente, suddivisi in due gruppi (“ANX” e “NOANX”). Per 63 giorni, il gruppo “ANX” ha ricevuto una terapia comportamentale associata alla somministrazione di L-Teanina, il gruppo

“NOANX” ha ricevuto solo la terapia comportamentale. Tutti i soggetti sono stati sottoposti a prelievo ematico, prima e dopo la terapia, per la valutazione del livello di cortisolo ematico. Ai proprietari è stato chiesto di compilare, due volte a settimana, un questionario contenente un elenco di sintomi riferibili allo stato di fobia. Sono stati effettuati due controlli telefonici per valutare l’adesione alla terapia. E’ stata effettuata un’analisi statistica dei dati raccolti.

Risultati e discussione

Entrambi i gruppi hanno evidenziato una riduzione statisticamente significativa dell’intensità dei sintomi fobici e solo il gruppo “ANX” ha mostrato un decremento dei comportamenti ansimare, salivare, leccarsi le labbra, sbadigliare, richiamare l’attenzione del proprietario, vocalizzare, esibire comportamenti compulsivi.

Ciò suggerisce che L-Teanina potrebbe essere utile nel trattamento delle fobie nei confronti dei rumori nei cani. Non è stata rilevata alcuna differenza nelle concentrazioni di cortisolo ematico.

Manuela Michelazzi, Med Vet, PhD

Greta Veronica Berteselli, Med Vet, PhD

Zita Talamonti

*

, Med Vet

Simona Cannas, Med Vet, PhD, Dipl ECAWBM

Elisabetta Scaglia, Med Vet

Michela Minero, Med Vet, PhD, Dipl ECAWBM

Clara Palestrini Med Vet, PhD, Dipl ECAWBM

Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica (DIVET) - Università degli Studi di Milano

*

Corresponding author (zita.talamonti@hotmail.it)

Ricevuto: 20/08/2014 - Accettato: 19/01/2015

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Tabella 1. Manifestazioni fobiche nel cane

Ansimare Respirare a bocca aperta

Pacing Camminare avanti e indietro in maniera afinalistica

Tremare Movimenti involontari caratterizzati da oscillazioni ritmiche di segmenti corporei Sbadigliare Atto respiratorio accessorio in cui si osservano rapida espansione del torace,

apertura forzata della bocca e, quasi sempre, costrizione delle palpebre Rimanere vicino al proprietario Rimanere in prossimità del proprietario

Ricercare l’attenzione Comportamenti di ricerca dell’interazione col proprietario Nascondersi Sottrarsi alla vista, rintanandosi

Scappare Allontanarsi da una determinata situazione

Salivare Eccessiva secrezione di saliva

Leccarsi le labbra Passare la lingua sopra le labbra

Vocalizzare Emettere suoni quali abbai, mugolii o ululati

Distruggere Rompere o danneggiare oggetti

Eliminare in maniera inappropriata Vomitare, defecare, urinare

Avere comportamenti compulsivi Comportamenti ripetitivi o stereotipati (ad esempio, leccarsi parti del corpo, girare in tondo)

Mostrare aggressività Ringhiare, mordere o tentare di mordere

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Figura 2 Comportamento di tremare nei due gruppi di cani nei tre periodi di trattamento.

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Figura 5 Comportamento di ansimare nei due gruppi di cani nei tre periodi di trattamento.

Figura 6 Comportamento di sbadigliare nei due gruppi di cani nei tre periodi di trattamento.

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Figura 3 Comportamento di pacing nei due gruppi di cani nei tre periodi di trattamento.

Figura 4 Comportamento di tentare la fuga nei due gruppi di cani nei tre periodi di trattamento.

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