Contents I
MEDICAL RADIOLOGY Diagnostic Imaging
Editors:
A. L. Baert, Leuven K. Sartor, Heidelberg
Contents III
Christiaan Schiepers (Ed.)
Diagnostic Nuclear
Medicine
2nd Revised Edition
With Contributions by
M. Allen-Auerbach · R. Barone · D. Bequé · C. P. Bleeker-Rovers · G. Bormans · R. Campisi J. Czernin · M. Dahlbom · J. J. Frost · S. S. Gambhir · G. Goerres · D. A. Hillier · C. Hoh F. Jamar · F. Y. J. Keng · G. Lucignani · H. R. Nadel · J. Nuyts · W. J. G. Oyen · H. J. J. M. Rennen H. D. Royal · H. R. Schelbert · C. Schiepers · M. L. Schipper · H. C. Steinert · M. E. Stilwell T. Traub-Weidinger · M. Tulchinsky · J.-L. C. P. Urbain · K. Verbeke · A. Verbruggen · I. Virgolini G. K. von Schulthess · S. I. Ziegler
Foreword by
A. L. Baert
With 142 Figures in 235 Separate Illustrations, 11 in Color and 32 Tables
123
IV Contents
Christiaan Schiepers, MD, PhD
Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA
10833 Le Conte Avenue, AR-144 CHS Los Angeles, CA 90095-6942
USA
Medical Radiology · Diagnostic Imaging and Radiation Oncology Series Editors: A. L. Baert · L. W. Brady · H.-P. Heilmann · M. Molls · K. Sartor Continuation of Handbuch der medizinischen Radiologie
Encyclopedia of Medical Radiology
Library of Congress Control Number: 2004106812
ISBN 3-540-42309-5 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York ISBN 978-3-540-42309-6 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
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Contents V
Since the publication of the fi rst edition of “Diagnostic Nuclear Medicine” rapid progress has occurred in the fi eld of nuclear medicine imaging.
Multimodality imaging, image fusion and molecular imaging techniques are being developed at a swift pace and some of these new methods, such as PET/CT scanning, have already had a major impact on the detection and staging of malignant tumors in daily clinical practice.
The second edition of this successful volume offers a comprehensive and com- pletely updated overview of the current applications of modern nuclear medicine imaging and a fascinating perspective on future developments in this fi eld.
The editor, Christiaan Schiepers, is a leading international expert in the fi eld. He has been able to recruit several other widely known specialists, each dealing with his specifi c area of expertise.
It is my great privilege to congratulate the editor and all of the authors for their excellent contributions to this superb volume.
I am convinced that all specialists involved in clinical imaging as well as those concerned with the clinical care of oncological patients will benefi t greatly from this book, which will help them to maintain their high standards of good clinical practice.
I wish this volume the same success as the fi rst edition.
Leuven Albert L. Baert
Foreword
Contents VII
Preface
The number of diagnostic nuclear medicine procedures has grown in the fi rst few years of the new century. Nuclear cardiology has diversifi ed, stimulating develop- ment of new equipment and imaging protocols. Gated myocardial perfusion imaging completed with quantifi cation is now a standard procedure. Faster computers have led to improved reconstruction techniques, higher image quality, increased patient throughput and more automated acquisition and processing protocols. In addition, automated processing and reporting and tele-radiology have made higher work- loads possible despite the decreasing amount of money available.
In this volume of the Medical Radiology series, imaging procedures in the nuclear medicine fi eld are presented and put in perspective. The success of the fi rst edition has led to this revised book, with updates and additions. The infl uence of molecular biology is readily appreciable and a move from functional to molecular imaging is in progress. Gene imaging is promising and initial results are visible on the horizon, although gene therapy for human disease has stalled temporarily because of unan- ticipated side effects.
The predicted demise of nuclear medicine as a separate imaging specialty has not come true. On the contrary, multi-modality and molecular imaging are now in vogue.
The introduction of PET/CT in the work-up of patients with cancer is a prominent new feature of this edition. Pharmacological interventions and new radiopharma- ceuticals have broadened the number of applications and increased the accuracy of available tests. Hepato-biliary scintigraphy is now covered in a separate chapter.
This volume documents many of the advances around the turn of the century and provides an update of the diagnostic nuclear medicine fi eld. It is organized into three sections: clinical applications, basics and future prospects. The publishers and I are grateful to the many participants who devoted their time to the chapters, enabling the readers – students and professionals – to get an overview. Radiologists, nuclear medicine specialists and technologists, and interested physicians will fi nd this book useful.
Los Angeles, California Christiaan Schiepers
Contents IX
1 Introduction
Christiaan Schiepers. . . 1 Clinical Applications . . . 5 2 Neurochemical Imaging with Emission Tomography: Clinical Applications
Gianni Lucignani and James J. Frost. . . 7 3 Assessment of Myocardial Viability by Radionuclide Techniques
Roxana Campisi, F. Y. J. Keng, and Heinrich R. Schelbert. . . 39 4 Thrombo-Embolism Imaging
Henry D. Royal and David A. Hillier . . . 61 5 Renal Imaging
François Jamar and Raffaela Barone. . . 83 6 Skeletal Scintigraphy
Christiaan Schiepers. . . 101 7 Imaging Infection and Infl ammation
Huub J. J. M. Rennen, Chantal P. Bleeker-Rovers, and Wim J. G. Oyen . . . 113 8 Gastrointestinal Nuclear Medicine
Jean-Luc C. Urbain. . . 127 9 Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Mark Tulchinsky. . . 135 10 Peptide Imaging
Irene Virgolini and T. Traub-Weidinger . . . 153 11 FDG-PET Imaging in Oncology
Christiaan Schiepers and Carl K. Hoh. . . 184 12 PET/CT in Lung and Head and Neck Cancer
Hans C. Steinert, Gerhard Goerres, and Gustav K.von Schulthess . . . 205 13 PET/CT Imaging in Breast Cancer, Gastrointestinal Cancers,
Gynecological Cancers and Lymphoma
Martin Allen-Auerbach, Johannes Czernin, and Christiaan Schiepers . . . 215 14 Pediatric Nuclear Medicine - A Coming of Age
Helen R. Nadel and Moira E. Stilwell . . . 227
Contents
X Contents
Basics of Scintigraphic Imaging. . . 245
15 Radiopharmaceuticals: Recent Developments and Trends Guy Bormans, Kristin Verbeke, and Alfons Verbruggen . . . 247
16 Instrumentation and Data Acquisition Sibylle I. Ziegler and Magnus Dahlbom . . . 275
17 Image Formation Johan Nuyts and Dirk Bequé . . . 291
Future Outlook . . . 311
18 Imaging of Gene Expression: Concepts and Future Outlook Meike L. Schipper and Sanjiv S. Gambhir . . . 313
19 Quo Vadis? Christiaan Schiepers. . . 343
Glossary . . . 345
Subject Index . . . 349
List of Contributors. . . 353
