parking caraccesstothelot
shopping accesstoshops
offices accesstooffices
residential accesstoapartments trainrails driveways pedonal/cyclepaths
4
1
2
3
6 5
1Piazzashoppingmall 2busterminal
3businessdistrict 4trainstation
5publicsquare 6commercialstreet
F o r ma l d e f i n i t i o n WI ND L OA D
Thechoiceconcerningtheshapeofthebuildingandthetriangularform ofthesameisderivedfrom considerationsaboutthewindforcesthatactsonthesamebuilding.
Asvisiblefrom thegraph,theprojectareaisinterestedbywindyphenomenawithaprevalentdirec- tion:sincewindblowsmainlyandwiththegreatestforcefrom South-West,thechoiceaboutthe orientationofthebuilding,freelypositionedaccordingtothesurroundingfabric,ismainlyinfluenced byconsiderationsaboutthepossibilityofhavinga“strongside”ofthetriangularshapetowardthe mainwinddirection.Thechartshowsthevarianceofthewinddirectionandstrengthduringtheyear inEindhoven:theredshapeindividuatespercentageifthedistributionoftheareainwhichthewind forcesactsmoreandvaryduringtheperiodoftimetakenintoconsideration.
Considerationsaboutthewindeffectanditsdirectionhavebeentakenintoaccountinordertocon- ceivetheform ofthebuilding.Theshapeofthefloorsderivesfrom geometricalconsiderationsupon thestiffnessofthetriangularform andtheadvantagesthatitbringsaccordingthewinddirection. Placingthetriangularform withoneoftheanglestowardthewindwardsideofthebuilding,the projectismeanttoexposelessplainsurfaceaspossibletothedirectwindblowing.Thisproposal hastheaim ofreducingthestressonthefacadethatwouldbecausebythewindblowingonaper- pendicularsurface.Placingthetrianglevertextowardthisdirection,that,asevidentfrom thegraph, istheSouth-Westdirection,astheaim,then,to“break”thedirectwindflow.
Moreover,theundeformabilityofthetriangleshouldassurethatthewindeffectonthebuilding wouldn’tactnegativelyonthefacadescausingundesiredstressesontheglazedenvelope. PROJECTSPECIFICATIONS
Theprojectrequirementsconcernthedesignofamultifunctionalhigh-risebuildingwithamini- mum heightof160m inEindhoven,intheCentralBusinessDistrictofthecity,whereother medium-heightbuildingshostmainlyofficefacilitiesandcommercialactivities.
Theprojectsiteischaracterizedbythepassingthroughoftherailwaythatconstitutesastrongdi- visionbetweentwopartsofthecity:therailswingcrossesthecitydividingitalmostinthemiddle andseparatingwhat’ssurvivingofthehistoricalcenterwhichhostsnowadaysthecommercial partofthecity,andtheformerindustrialdistrict,wherePhilipsoriginallyplaceditsproductive centerandwheretodayseveralcompanieshavesettheirbusiness.
Thetwopartsofthecitiesareconnected,however,byadensenetworkoftunnels,bothpede- striananddriveways,thatinsomecaseshostcommercialactivities.
Thelocationoftheprojectisinthenorthernpartoftherailway,inthe‘tShimmeltdistrict,where thereisthepresentBeursgebow,aconventioncenterandmulti-purposespacethatisactually locatedonthesitewheretheprojectismeanttobedeveloped.Nearbythereisanexistingpe- destriantunnelunderneaththetraintracksthatconnectstheconstructionsitewiththePiazzaand theBijenkorfcommercialcenter.Piazzaisacommercialcenterlocatedinthemaincitysquare, wherethecommercialandtouristicroadsofthecityconverge.Heretheshopscontinuesinthe tunnelandthereforeinthepedestrianstreetthatrunalongtheprojectsite.
Becauseofitslocationinthecitycenterandthepresentsurroundingbuildings,high-risedeve- lopmentisdesiredinthesite.Theprojectshouldconsistthereforeofagrossfloorareaof 35.000-45.000mq.
Thelotisadjacenttoanotherbuildingwithofficefacilitiesdistributedinthreeblocksjoinedatthe basementbytheparkinggarage.Thecommercialpedestrianstreetseparatesthetwoandis connectedtothenetworkofroadssurroundingthebuildings.Therailwayisreallyneartothelot andconstitutesavisualandconcretebarrier.Justcrossingtheadjacenttunnel,thebus terminal,thetrainstationandthebicyclesparkingcanbeeasilyreached.
De t a i l GL A Z E D F A CA DE
1boundaryprofile
2reinforcementbarsd20mm
3pre-castconcretebiaxialslab50mm
4HDPEpolyethylenespheres
5concretecolumnd800mm
6core-anchorsteelelement
7concretecored600mm
8windowsaluminum profile
12wallairgap10mm
16shadingcontrolmechanism
20shadinglouvers
24pouredconcretelayer 9gasket
10externaldoubleglazing6-20-6
11externalwallcoating20mm
13concretepartitionwall250mm
14shadingmechanism
15internaltripleglazing4-10-4-10-4
17openingwindow shutter
18sandwichpanel70mm
19plasterboardwall15mm
21pavement10mm
22floorinsulationlayer30mm
25ventilationmechanism
26ventilationlouvers 23concretefloorscreed50mm 19 18 15 17 1410 10 16 8 15 14
10
20
15
17
21 22 23 1 24 2
4
3 8
25
26 8
14
9 10 11
8 12 13 14
Re n d e r s I NT E RI ORS A NE W S K Y S CRA P E R F OR E I NDHOV E N
DE S I GN A P P ROA CHE S T O F ORMA L DE F I NI T I ON
The18levelsabovethefirstfourareoccupiedby offices,whichhaveanindependentdistribution system,asoutlinedbefore,aswellasaninde- pendententrance,intheNorth-Westsideofthe building.Thechoiceofplacinginthiswingofthe towertheentranceoftheofficepart,aswellasof theresidential,aswillbelaterdiscussed,istied mainlytoworkingpeopleneeds:infactmostof thepeoplethatwouldusethebuildingwoulduse aswellpublictransporttocometotheirjob place.Forthosecomingbycartheunderneath parkingprovideadirectaccesstotheliftsandthe stairsthatconnectallthefloors,whileforthose using
usingpublictransportationmeans,therecogni- tionoftheaccessisfacilitatedbythelocationof theentrancethatfacesthetunnelconnectingthe projectsitewiththenearbusandtrainstation. Comingfrom thisarea,wherealsoabigbikepar- kingisprovided,theaccessisimmediatelyvisible andaccessible.
Neartotheofficeentrancetheapartments’en- tranceislocated,forthesamereasons,towhich thatoftheprivacyfrom thecommercial/public partofthesiteisadded:theresidentialfloorsare locatedatthelast18levelsofthebuildingsand theirdistributionsystem isagainseparatedfrom thatoftheofficepartofthebuilding.
Theundergroundisexploitedfortherealizationof theparkingspotswithathree-levelsparking space,alsousefultoreachthesolidgroundfor foundationsplacing.Theconsiderationsabout theparkingareoffundamentalimportancebe- causeofthehugedesignedconstruction.
Limitingthetrafficflow increasingbyencouraging theuseofalternativewaysofmoving,notonlyby thenearnesstothepublictransportationstops, butalsobyorganizingthelotaccessesaccording tothemainwalking-peopleflows,ismeanttosi- gnificantlyreducethenumberofcarsthatneed tobehostedforparking.Thedesignedparking as
asanareathatcovertheentirelotinorderto bringtheadvantage,wheregeologicallimitsdoes notexistpreventingtheexploitationofunder- ground spaces (some considerations will be doneinthefoundationdimensioningparagraph), ofbeingsufficientlylargetobearthetension stressescausedbywindalongthebuilding’s height.Thefoundationshavebeenthereforeex- ploited to create some underground parking levelstohostconvenientlyalmostallthecarsbe- longingstopermanentusersofthebuilding.
Thechoiceaboutthedistributionofthefunctions intheverticaldirection,withthesubdivisionofthe buildinginthreeparts,apublicbasement,a semi-privatecentralbodyandaprivatecrown, hasbeendrivenbythecontext:thepresenceof therailwayandoftheelevatedroadscreates,in fact,abarrierthatimposestoriseoveracertain level
levelinordertobeprotectedbythenoisecrea- tedbythetrainpassage.
POLITECNICO DIMILANO ISchoolofArchitectureandSociety DegreeinArchitecture(FullENG) AcademicYear2011-2012
MastersDegreeThesisofLUCIA D’AMATO ID 763331 Supervisor Prof.AndreaROLANDO PolitecnicodiMilano AssistantSupervisor Prof.MarioSASSONE PolitecnicodiTorino
TYPICALPARKING FLOOR scale1:500
FLOOR IIscale1:500 FLOOR Iscale1:500
TYPICALOFFICEFLOOR scale1:200 TYPICALRESIDENTIALFLOOR scale1:200
FACADEDETAILHORIZONTALSECTION scale1:10 FACADEDETAILVERTICALSECTION scale1:20 GROUND FLOOR scale1:200
Theanalysisofthecontextevidencedthecomplexityofthecirculationsystem inthelocationof theproject.Thelotissurroundedbylargepedestrianandcycleroutes,withoutthedisturbance ofthetrafficlettingpeoplewalkaroundtheshoppingareas.
Thecarpathsare,instead,realizedonahigherlevelconfrontedwiththepedestrianones:all theroadsareelevatedof4-5metersabovethegroundlevel,andarepassedthroughbythe tunnelsforbicyclesandpeople.Onalevelevenhigherthereistherailroad:wheretherailsrun, thedrivewaysgobacktothegroundandgothroughtunnelsunderneaththerailway. The
Thelowerlevelsare,consequently,dedicatedtoallthoseactivitiesopentothepublic(the shoppingcenter,thegym,therestaurant)surroundedbythesquarethatechoesthenear Piazzaandworksasabufferzonebetweenthebuildingandtherailway.
Ontheupperparts,theofficesarelocatedabovethelevelofthecarandthetraintraffic,in ordertoworkagainasabufferbodyfortheresidentialpart,whichislocatedatthehighest levelsinordertoresultprotectedbythenoiseandtohavegrantedprivacyandquiet,alsoassu- redbytherelevantheightofthebuilding.
TheentranceoftheparkingislocatedintheSouth-Westpartofthearea,wherethedriveway droptothegroundlevelandisthereforeconnectedtothelot,inordertoleavefreefrom the trafficthepedestrianandcyclepathsthatsurroundthesite.
Theprojectisdeveloped,accordingtotherequirements,witha3-levelparkingunderthe groundlevel,abletohostthevehiclesofresidentandworkingpeople.Thebuildingismeantto beamixed-usebuildinghostingbothresidential,officeandcommercialfacilities. The
Thefirstfourlevelsarededicatedtotheshoppingfacilities:thisisthepublicpartoftheproject thatpreservesthecommercialvocationoftheformerstreet-sideandcontinuesthecommercial paththatstartsfrom Catharinaplein.Togetherwiththeshopsotherpublicfunctionsarehere based,suchasagym atthethirdlevelandapanoramicrestaurantatthefourth. The
Thefirstlevelsarefreelyaccessibletothepublicsincetheirspaceisseparatedfrom theaccess andtheservicesoftheofficesandoftheresidentialfloors.Theaccesstothisareaisconnected andmadeawholewiththebeforesquare,developedtogetherwiththeprojectinordertomake easilyaccessibleandrecognizablethecommercialpublicareaofthebuilding:thisisleftfree from thebuildinginordertocreatea“welcomezone”forthepubliccomingfrom Piazzacom- mercialcenterandthisconstitutesagatewaytotheshoppingcenterofthebuilding.Theaccess tothelatterisfluidwiththeopenspaceandcanbeclosedormaintainedopenaccordingtothe season,creatinginsummerapleasantcoveredopenspace.
season,creatinginsummerapleasantcoveredopenspace.