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Aboa1988 Almirante Brown Antarctic Base

1951 Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station

1957 Artigas Base

1984 Asuka Station

1985 Belgrano II Base

1979 Bellingshausen Station

1968 Bernardo O'Higgins Station

1948 Bharati

2012 Byrd Station

1957 Captain Arturo Prat Base

1947 Casey Station

1957

Comandante Ferraz Base

1984 Concordia Station

2005 Dakshin Gangotri

1984 Davis Station

1957 Dome Fuji

1995 Dumont d'Urville Base

1956 Base Presidente Montalva

1969 Esperanza Base

1975 Gabriel de Castilla Station

1989 Gonzalez Videla Station

1951 Great Wall Station1985

Halley Research Station

1956 Henryk Arctowski Station

1977 Jang Bogo Station

2014 Jinnah Antarctic Station

1991 Juan Carlos I Antarctic Base

1988 Jubany

1953 King Sejong Station

1988 Kohnen Station

2001 Kunlun Station

2009 Law-Racoviţă Station

1986 Leningradskaya Station

1971 Machu Picchu Research Station

1989

Maitri Station

1989 Maldonado Base

1990 Marambio Base

1969 Mario Zucchelli Station

1986 Mawson Station

1954 McMurdo Station

1956 Mendel Polar Station

2006 Mirny Station1956

1997 Mizuho Station

1970 Molodyozhnaya Station

1962 Neumayer Station

1992 Neumayer-Station III

2009

Novolazarevskaya Station

1961 Orcadas Base

1904 Pakistan national antarctic station

2012 Palmer Station

1968 Princess Elisabeth Base

2007 Professor Julio Escudero Base

1994 Progress Station

1988 Rothera Research Station

1975 Russkaya Station

1980 San Martín Base

1951 SANAE IV St. Kliment Ohridski Base

1988

Scott Base

1957 Showa Station

1957 Signy Research Station

1947 Siple Station

1973 Svea Research Station

1988 Tor Station

1993 Troll Station

1990 WAIS Divide Camp

2005 Wasa Research Station

Vostok Station 1989

1957 Zhongshan (Sun Yat-Sen) Station

Vernadsky Research Base 1989 1994 A E RON OM Y _Th e

polar regions have been called Earth's window to outer space. With the discovery of polar stratospheric ozone d e - pletions, a window previously thought "closed" (the ultraviolet window) is now known to "open" in certain seasons.

Current research focuses on stratospheric chemistry, aerosols, and

the vital role played by ozone. ASTROPHYSICS_Antarctica is an

a s - tronomer's dream come true. The Amundsen-Scott South Pole

Station is arguably one of the best places on earth to study the stars. Observers there take advantage of the unique characteristics of the South Pole to study the

e v o l u t i o n and structure of the Universe. BIOLOGY_Conditions on the frozen Antarctic surface are so harsh that few life forms survive year-round above the ice. Of particular interest to biologists,

the McMurdo Dry Valleys represent a region where life approaches its environmental limits.

While below the surface and along the coast, ocean ecosystems teem with life that is rich, complex, and abundant. GEOLOGY_Much of the story of Antarctica is written beneath the ice, in the rocks that make up about 9 percent of Earth's continental crust. Geologic evidence indicates that at one time the continent had a temperate climate and was part of an ancient, considerably larger land mass, known as Gondwanaland. GLACIOLOGY_An ice sheet covers all but 2.4 per cent of Antarctica's 14 million square kilometers. This ice contains 70 percent of all the world's fresh water. In order to predict the ice sheet's future behavior and its effect on global climate, glaciologists must have a thorough understanding of

its history, current state, internal dynamics. METEOROLOGY_The weather systems that constantly circle Antarctica drive storms across the Southern Ocean and beyond, while the seasonal formation and melting of sea ice has an important effect on the world's weather.

Antarctic stations collect daily meteorological observations and broadcast them to surround- ing countries to help in weather forecasting. OCEANOGRAPHY_The Antarctic Convergence divides the cold southern water masses from the warmer northern waters,

creating the world's largest current flowing at an average speed of half a knot eastward a r o u n d the continent. In addition, sea ice forms

outward up to 1500 kilometers from the continent every winter. Oceanographic studies focus on these two interrelated phenomena and their effects on both marine ecosystems and Earth's climate patterns.

Georg von Neumayer Station 1981

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A N TA R C T I C R E S E A R C H S TA T I O N S

ANTARCTIC NOMADISM

Una capsula errante per la sopravvivenza antartica Edoardo Allievi

Francesco Camanzi Alessandro Consonni

Relatore: prof. Matteo Umberto Poli Anno accademico 2011/2012 TAVOLA 2 - Antarctic Research Stations

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