CAPITOLO 4 62
15
0
0
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(28) =<jOc12>H-2J5>Hrc@?;¨C*35J5>H;¨;<AB>H69CD356]>?:<;¨J2> 3 J512-2;¨4769>?C*;&J235@?@Hnh35W9W93569698 k;<AF;<J5;<Ù3ßJG>i;<@H69AB332l235-26912;<@H>e4785ABN5∆Φ 32-2694 >iJ2>e∆Φ35AF? AB85AF3ß47>H476j32CM;<6]>H:<8ß:<\23-285J5>?=G35-2J585-2l 8 cT8oJ5>H=235-2J28-28o=285:<85J5;<@H@?nH85AF>?35-269;<SU>H85-23&J535@H@?;}:<35@H@H;<Oa¯35@t-2824L69AF8 :<;<478`47>b69AB85lG;_× jOH ∆Φo + ∆Φ n ≈ (− 0 003 ± 0 011)°. 2. m. m. £85>H:<\k >H@AB>H4712@H6];<698 J535@H@?; jOH¶s >?-GW935AB>?85AB3 ;<@H@H; -G854769AB; =2AB35:<>?4T>H85-23 47=235AB>HCD35-269;<@?3Gr_=2854747>H;LCD8`J5>HAF3`:<\23a@?nH35W9W93569698`_;<AB;<J5;<Ù`s69AF;L4L:<1GAB;<R2>H@?35O qI;<@?:<85@H>h;<CM8i@H; 4735C*>HJ5>?W9W935AF35-2S; J535>l2;<@H85AF> 4 3 ∆Φ ? CD>H4712AB;<6]>/212;<-2J58i@Hn?;<4T473 W9;<:<>?@H3sm-232@?@h3J5123=28547>HS>H85-2>4T>?C*CD3569AB>H:<\23AÁ∆Φ >?47=23569698;<@:<;<CD=285O,-/21G35476]8CD85J58 AB>H:<;<l2>?;LCD8x@H;eAF8569;<S>?85-23xAF35;<@H3 δφØ J535@
(29) J5>HAB32696985A~3x35Jx35@H>HCM>H-G>H;<CM8xN5@H>
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(66) 85@H69AB3f;-285-i;<l23AF3x12-i:<853W9W9>H:<>?35-2693xJ2> ⊥. ||. ⊥. ||. ⊥. ⊥. CAPITOLO 4. ||. ||. 70.
(67) Ampiezza del segnale (u. a.). 354769>?-2S>H85-23¸85CM82N535-23585r=282474L82-28 35474735AF3 -285-¹=235AFW9356969;<CM32-2693 >H-2:<AF85:<>H;<69>HO ³b:<35N5@H>H35-2J5885=5=G8AB6912-2;<CD35-2693>=285@H;<AB>HSTS;<6985AF>3:<35AB:<;<-2J28J5>>H-2:<AB85:<>H;<AB@h>>HCM82J58 CD>HN5@?>H85AF3 =2824L47>hR5>H@?35r'47>H;<CD8 AÁ>?1247:L>H69>'; AF>?J51GABAB3 @hn?;<CD=2>H32STS;¹J535@H@H; :<85CD=285-235-2693` ω J5>b12-aW9;<696985AB3`§5bO 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10. -8. -6. -4. -2 0 2 T-Tc (Tc=34.3°C). 4. 6. ç7è é ê~ë9ìgíUî ²5ð ¬÷2ÿ ò.þ
(68) õj÷2ø?ûMÿ õ F ò]þuó úõùÛùTòÔÿ õ ò*üFû þuóGû÷Gõ÷GøHõÿõ öF9õ ÷5ò .õ´³ µ"¶"·ò .ò¸?ô~õ ¹õj÷ ù[ò W ô~òBü~üFû.ø?ûÿ ò û øHû ÿú.ûÿ ûc硺TV ZjõUÿõ ôBõLú ô~ò~ ~Y`üFû÷ú þõ ø?ûÿUûô]ú "õ öFöFûjþõ ø ô9ú.üFû0üFû÷úÔÿ ωõ ó5û .ò.ô9ú ùÁùTòFø?ûô9úTô~û ø?ò.÷Gø úHî ,.-:<85-2:<@H1247>H85-235r@H3 CD>h4712AF3AF>HWj@H35474785CD3269AB>H:<\23 CD824L69AF;<-28 12- R51G85- ;<:<:<82ABJ58 :<85@?3 =2AB35l2>H47>?82-2>M693285AB>H:<\235OD^k3 CM>h4712AB3J2>?CD854769AB;<-G8 :<\23@Hn?;<-2:<82AB;<NN5>H8;<S>HCM1269;<@H3 -235@H@?;}=G85@?Ù5>?C*>HJ53¨s}3G:<:<32ST>H85-2;<@HCD35-2693¨32@?35l2;<6983&R532-¨4712=235AF>?82AB3&;<@C*;<474T>?CD8 l2;<@?82AB3W9>H-28;<J85NN5>xCD>H4712AB;L698>H-ß@H35696935AF;<6912AB;<Oi^_3C*>?4712AF3\2;<-2-28;<-2:<\23 CM824L69AF;<698@H;=GAB354735-2S;0J5>12-W935-285CD35-28 J5>J535N5AF;<J5;<CD35-2698 J535@H@?nh;<-2:<85AB;<N2N5>?8 471 12-2;c47:<;L@?;`J2>6932CD=28J5> ;<@H:<12-2>£CD354T>?O Þ12AB;<-G6936];L@?3;<AB:<8J5>£6935CD=285r @H;cAB8269;<S>H85-23 CM;<4T47>hCM; δφØ rk=2AF85J856969;tJ5;<@H@?nh;<=2=2@H>H:<;<ST>H85-23cJ2>_12-a:<;<CD=28cJ5>_>?-2J21GST>H85-23cC*;LN5-23569>H:<; J5>£y5O?z5{|r£sa:<AF354T:<>?1G6];aJ2;a12-cl2;<@H85AB3mC*>H-2>?CD8mJ2>_:<>?AF:<;tyOHyz¥dW9>H-58m;<Jc;<474T354769;<AF47> 471l2;<@H85AB> J5> :L>?AF:<;cyOH§¥BO ,-2W9>H-235r J585R5R5>H;<CD885474735AFl2;<AF3:<\235r -285-2854769;<-269369126969> N5@h> 47W985ABS>k=G35Ad@H>?CD>H69;<AB3c@h;t=2AB354735-2S;tJ5>_35W9W9356969>_47=212AB>_47>?476932CD;<69>H:<>hr_;<-2:<\23c471`47:<;<@?3cJG> 6935CM=G8$=2>?R2AB35l2> ∼ 8AB32jr47>85474L32ABl2;<-28$l2;<AB>H;<ST>H85-2>J235>4732N5-2;<@H>C*>H4712AF;<69> J535@H@?nH85ABJ2>?-23J5> ± §5/y MOÞ12-5/21235r@Hn?32ABAB82AB3&AF35@H;<69>?l284769>?CD;<698¨-232@?@H3¨CD>h4712AF3¨J5> ;<-2:<85AB;<N2N5>?82r_/212>bAB>H=285AB69;G6932r_sJ535@h@?nH85AFJ5>?-G3`J2> ± §2/y MO Âà »ÅÆÇ<È¤É ÊÆËÕÉ Ï5Ç<ÓaÆÇ<ÇGƼbË¤Ê qI85-0@H;4769354747;:<35@H@H;30-232@?@H847693547478=G12-2698J235@I:<;<CM=2>H85-235rI;<R2R5>?;LCD832WjW935696912;<698 CM>H4712AB3 :<85->H@MCD356985J28}>?- @?12:<3 69AB;<4TCD354T4L;<rD>H@M:<1G>M;<=2=2;<AF;<698}47=235AF>?CD35-269;<@H3}s 4769;<6j8pJ5324L:<AF>?69698p>H-pѧOH§Om®474735AFl2>H;<CM8p:<\23psCD85@H698p4L32CM=2@H>H:<3=G;<4L4T;<AF3J2;<@ CM326j82J58eAB>HW9@?35474785CD3569AF>H:L8e; /G1235@?@H8e>?-69AF;<4LCD>H4T4L>h85-235r=235AB:<\ kR5;<4769;47=284769;<AB3e>H@ W9856985J5>H85J58¸ E=G35ADCD>H4712AB;<AF30@Hn?>H-26935-24T>H69aJ532@uAB;<N5N5>H8069AF;<47CM3G4L478j4769AB;<85AFJ5>?-G;<AB>H808 85ABJ5>H-2;<AF>?85µ>?-2lG35:<3"J5>¶/21232@?@H8"AF>?W9@H3547478"J2;L@?@Hn?>H-26935AFW9;<:<:L>?; l23569AB>H-28 ¡qI^k¯O CAPITOLO 4. 71.
(69) Ð >H:<85AFJ5>?;LCD8):<\235rd4735:<85-2J58)@H;i693585AB>H;<rd4L>H;i>?@dAB;LN5N2>?8)4769AB;<82ABJ5>H-2;<AB>H8):G\23 /21232@?@H8 85ABJ5>H-2;<AF>?8)\2;<-2-28)12-2n?>H-26935-247>H698547:L>?@H@?;<-G6j3f;<@H@H;xW]AF35/21235-GST;i;<-2N582@?;<AF3) ωOÔqI85CD3 J53547:<AB>H69698¿>H-¿Ñ§O?§5r@H;AB8569;<S>H85-23 δφØ J535@ J2>?AÁ35696985AB3¿>?-¿4712=G35ABW9>H:<>?32r>H-2J5856969; J5;<@?@Hnh;<=2=2@?>H:<;<S>?82-23©J5>1G-¶:<;<CD=28©J5>>H-2J512S>H85-G3©CD;<N5-23569>H:L;·v r}4T>}856969>H35-23 CM>H4712AB;<-2J28@H;ml2;<AB>h;<S>?85-G3 ∆φ½ ¾ 4 J535@H@?;c:<824769;<-2693J2>W9;<473J535@h@?nH>H-26935-24T>H69tJ235@W9;<47:<>H8 4769AB;<85ABJ2>?-2;<AF>?8cj8m8ABJ2>?-2;<AF>?82j:GW9Agj§OHzn?3m§OHznHnHO£Ð >H:<85ABJ5>h;<CD8m:<\23m@H;aAB8569;<S>H85-23 ;<=2=2;<AB35-G693`J535@_J2>?AF35696985AB3 s=2;<AF>_; jcj:GW9Aj§O?´jO ,.-_>?N512AF;0O?{ AB>H=585AF69>?;<CD8 ∆φ1G-69>H=2>?:<8;<-2∆J5φ;<½ ¾ 4CD35-2698 J535@H@?;AB8569;<S>H85-23J535@J5>hAB35696982AB3 CM>H4712AB;<69;f;<@Ôl2;<AB>h;<AB3)J535@*:<;LCD=28}v rÔ47>?;fC*>H4712AF;<-2J58+@Hn?>H-26935-247>H6]J535@ÔW9;<47:<>H8 47∆69φAB;<85ABJ2>?-2;<AF>?8jk>HN512AF;mOH{r:<35AB:<\2>l2128269>?jr47>H;`CD>H4712AB;<-2J28@?nh>H-26935-247>H69tJ235@W9;<47:<>H8 85ABJ5>H-2;<AF>?8`j_>?N212AB;OH{rb:<35AB:<\2>b=2>?32-2>?jO 0.60. ∆Φ(°) r.straordinario ∆Φ(°) r.ordinario. 0.50. fit r.stra: y=w0*x+w1*x w0=0.18026, w1=0.95141. 0.40. fit r.ord: y=w0*x+w1*x w0=0.19288, w1=0.38955 misure in riflessione. 2. 2. 0.30 ∆Φ (°) 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.0. 0.1. 0.2. 0.3 0.4 0.5 campo B (T). 0.6. 0.7. ç7è é ê~ë9ìíUî ¿5ðBñkû ø?ò]ùÛú.ûj÷2õò]ó ó2ò.ô~õ÷Gø?õÿ õ_ÿ ú ôBõ øHø?ûô~õuú ÷Tj÷ ùÛú.ûj÷Gõ
(70) ÿ õküFò]þuó2ûÿ ú<ú ÷2ÿjùÛú.û÷GõuþòU÷Gõ ø ú.üFò 0ò]ó ó ú.üBòFø¼û À'ø ú ú ùÛùTòFø?ûuú Gþõ ø?ûÿUûuú ÷T7 üFõ
(71) ø ô~òBö.þõ öFöFòî^D ò.÷ 2û û?ô~òv òBöFöÁõD òBü]ú .õ
(72) õuú _üFò]þuó5ûT& ITµ"¿ E·7Á9î^¡òø?õjþuóGõô~òBøô~òÿ õ9küBò]þuó ú.ûj÷2õT&1OI^] W M U _! ¡õdüjô Zõ
(73) üBû÷2ø ú ÷õ
(74) üBûô9ô9ú.öó2ûj÷2ÿ û÷Gûdò β  õ öÁv ø ?úø± üFû÷w.ò)R9÷ùÁúûj÷2õcøHõû ô9ú.üFò ∆φ^Ã|Ä!Å Æ!Çà ï Å Æ¡È V¼ü ?ôSV~. M. YYR ¡¡òdô~ûø¼ò.ùÁú.ûj÷2õÔôBõUò.õ δφ¢ ÿUõ ÿ ú ôBõ øHø¼ûôBõ£ú ÷*Fö jóGõGô ?ú.ü.ú. õ &uÿ òBøHòEÿUò δφ¢ I ÃvÄÅ Æ î ®474L32ABl2>H;<CM8:<\235r:<85CD3=2AF35l2>?4769869358AB>H:<;<CD35-26932r>J5;<69> 4L=G35AB>HCM32-269;<@H>\2;<-2-2812:<85-269AB>HR512698â@H>?-232;<AB3â:<85-[>?@ :<;<CD=285r J285l212698K;<@?@H;¦AB8569;<S>H85-23â35W9W9356969>HlG;ZJ532@ J5>?AF35696985AF35rd3f12-i:<85-269AF>?R51G698f/212;<J5AB;<69>H:<8f:<85-x>H@:<;<CD=285rdJ582l212698f;<@?@H;eAB8569;<S>H85-23 ;<=2=2;<AB35-G693m:<;<1247;<69;aJ5;L@?@h;aJ535W985AFCD;<ST>H85-23mJ235@£J2>HAF35696985AB3m-G35@£l282@?12CD3mj:<W9AdÑT5O?§OH¤jO ,:<85-269AB>HR51269>D@?>H-235;<AF>M=G35A0>H@MAF;<N5N5>H869AB;<47CD35474784769AB;<82ABJ5>H-2;<AB>H83=G35A>H@MAB;<N5N5>H8 85ABJ5>H-2;<AF>?8}4L82-28:<85-5W9AF8-269;<R5>H@H>69AF; @?82AB83}4785-285r>H-285@?69AF35r:<85-2W9AF8-269;<R5>H@H>:<85-> AB>H4712@?69;<6]>85696935-21G69>u:<85->?@ CD356985J58>?-AB>HW9@?354747>H85-234712@H@H84769354T478:<;<CD=2>?82-233-G35@?@H8 476935474L8V=212-2698Qj@H>H-235;·69AB;<696935N5N2>?;<69;ã>H-Vb>?N512AF;ãOH{jO|126969;<l2>H;<r>H@oAB;<N5N5>H8 4769AB;<85ABJ2>?-2;<AF>?8Q=2AB354735-G6j;à47>?476932CD;<6]>?:<;LCD35-2693QAB8569;<S>H85-2>p4L1G=235AB>H85AB>p;à/21G35@?@H3 85696935-212693¶:<85-K>H@}AB;<N2N5>?8¶85AFJ5>H-2;<AB>H85r}4785=2AF;<69691269698¶=235A$/212;<-26j8¶AF>?N212;<ABJ5;[>H@ :<85-269AB>HR512698¨/212;<J5AF;<69>?:<85OÚt>H4712AB3:<85CM3¨/21235@H@H3AB>H=285AF69;<693&>H-¨_>?N51GAB;}OH{&4785-28 4769;<6j3fAÁ>?=G356912693f=2>?l285@H693f-235@:<85AB478fJ535@H@H;e69354T>3f47>se47=2324L478f85474735AFlG;<698f:<\23 H. CAPITOLO 4. 72.
(75) ;<-2:<\23`>_:<82-269AB>HR5126]>_@H>H-232;LAB>b-235@H@?3aCD>H4712AF3`:<85-a>H@bW9;<47:<>H8`85ABJ5>H-2;<AF>?8`3a4769AB;<82ABJ5>H-2;<AB>H8 =285474785-58J2>?W9W935AF>?AF3;<=2=2AB35SS;<R2>?@HCD35-2693@Hn?12-G8J5;<@H@HnH;<@H69AB85O12354T698:<82CM=282AB6j;<CD35-2698 -285-$s=5AF35l2>?47698$- kJ5;<@?@H;693585AF>?;=235AF6912ABR5;<69>hl2;J5>®@?J2;<-285r- k'J2;<>:<;<@H:<85@H> -212CD35AB>H:<>I:<85-@H;693582AB>H;J5>EI35AFAB35CD;<-2OI^k3=2854747>HR2>?@H>I:<;<124T3J5>E/G1235476];;<-G85CD;<@H>?; =285474785-58`35474735AF3 × O @H;¨693285AB>H;¨69AF;<4L:<1GAB;¨@H;J2>?W9W91247>H85-23oJ5>`@?1G:<35r`:<\G3s:<85-247>HJ535AB32l285@H3-235> :<AF>?4769;L@H@?>¡@?>H/212>hJ5>gܼ½Ý.É O @H;&6j3285AB>H;o47l2>h@H12=2=2;<69;o=2AB354712=2=285-23p:<\23>H@mJ5>HAB32696982AB3pAB128569>cAB>HCM;<-232-2J58 82l212-5/2123·=2;<AF;<@?@H35@H8·;<@¨=2>H;<-28·J535@H@Hn?>H-26935ABW9;<:<:<>h;Kl23569AF>?-28 bqI^_¯r¨:<>H85s =2AF354712=5=282-23:G\23@?nH;<-2N58@H8J5>=2AF3569>H@?647>H;mS35AB85O,¼-2l235:<32ru-232@u-G854769AB8:<;<478r >H@4L1GR24769AB;<698¿J2>=285@HÙ>HCD>HJ53$4769AB1247:L>H;<6];'J5@?1G85N28¿;<J¿12-$;<-2:<85AF;<N5N5>?8 ;<S>HCD1269;<@H3)CD85@H698 W985AB693 :<85-)12-);<-GN585@H8 J5>Ô=2AF356j>H@?6J2>g:L>?AF:<;x½¥BOg£32AB:L>H<r 82:<:<85ABAF35ABrg>H-fW9126912AB82rg35476935-2J235AB3)@h;i69AB;<6969;LS>?85-G3);<-G:<\23);<@d:<;L478)>H-f:<1G> @HnH;<-2N585@H8`J5>_=GAB3569>H@?6-285-as-212@H@H85O qI85CM3;<R5R5>h;<CD8elG>?476985r@h3:<854769;<-269>J2>W9;<473J532>4735N5-2;<@H>C*>?4712AF;<6]3e-G85-4785-G8e>H698569;<@?3;<:<:<85AFJ58:<85-@?3=2AF35l2>H47>?85-G>693585AF>?:<\235O^k3;<CD=2>H32STS3J5>8247:<>H@h@H;<S>H85-23 J535@H@?nh>?-G6935-247>?69}J235@W9;<47:L>h882ABJ5>H-2;<AB>H83J2>/21235@H@?84769AF;<85ABJ5>H-2;<AB>H8AB>H4712@?6];<-28>HCM>HN5@H>?82AB3x;<:<:<85ABJ28f:<82-x@H3x=2AB32l2>?47>H85-2>J535@H@?;693582AF>?;<O
(76) ,-i=2;<AF69>?:<85@H;<AB32r
(77) 35474T3x4785-28 /212;<47>'12N512;<@h>'3 J2>H=235-2J285-28 /G12;<J5AB;<69>H:<;LCM32-2693 J532@?@hn?>H-26935-24T>H69àJ532@:<;<CD=28 ;<=2=2@H>?:<;<698j4735-GST;c-G3547471G-:<85-269AB>HR512698@?>H-235;<AF35jO ,.-mk>HN512AB;`O?´478-28AF>¼=285AB69;<69>Hr>HW912-2S>?85-G3J535@:<;<CD=28J5>>H-2J512S>H85-23CD;<N5-23569>H:<;}v r>l2;<@?82AB>J535@AB;<=2=285A~698}W9AB; @?nH;<CD=2>?35SUS;CD>H4712AF;<69;:<82->?@u:<;<CD=28vf30/21235@H@?;cCM>H4712AB;L69;;:L;<CM=G8-212@H@H80=235AD>?@ W9;<47:<>?8085ABJ5>H-2;<AB>H80j:<35AB:<\G>I=2>H35-2>H
(78) 3=235AD/21235@H@?804769AF;<85ABJ2>?-2;<AF>?80j:<35AB:<\G>ElG128569>?9OE^_3 :<12ABl23ß:<85-269>H-2123AF;<=5=2A~324L32-269;<-2¥ 8> W9>H6 J535>eAF>?4712@H69;<6]>x47=232AB>HCM32-26];<@?>e:<85-ß@H; W912-2S>?85-G3`/212;<J5AB;<69>H:<;Ù`wi C 2¡Ê Ë O 1.00. A(B)/A(0). 0.98 0.96 A(B)/A(0) per r. ordinario A(B)/A(0) per r. straordinario. 0.94 0.92 0.90. fit per r. ord: y=1+a*x a = -0.20635. 2. fit per r. strao: y=1+a*x a = -0.18459 0.00. 0.10. 0.20. 2. 0.30 0.40 campo B (T). 0.50. 0.60. 0.70. ç7è é ê~ë9ìíUî Ì5ðͬ5÷2ÿ ò]þõj÷2ø?ûÿ õ0ô~ò.ó óGû ôBø?ûάV H!Y"Ï7¬VKYÿ õ90ô~ò ú.ûû ô~ÿjú ÷2ò]ô9úûpõÿõ ôòUú.û öFø ô~òBûôBÿ ú ÷5ò.ô9ú.ûdþuú.ö 9ô~òBø ú£÷Gõ ûtöÁø?õ öFöF%û ú.ûô]÷2û ¡òøHõþuóGõô~òBø ô~òMÿ õ üBò.þIó ú.ûj÷GSõ &-O^I] W 7M U _! ¡õ ú ÷2õ õüBûj÷2ø ú Q÷ õüFû ô9ô9úöó2û÷Gÿ ûj÷2û ò  õ öÁø ¼úø2üBûj ÷ .òj÷ùÁú.ûj÷2õ Ð ï Ç ì Ñ È. CAPITOLO 4. 73.
(79) qI85-2:<@?1GJ5>?;<CD8 /2123547698 R2AB35l23 =2;<AB;<N2AB;<Wj8 85474735ABl2;<-GJ58 :<\23 @H3 CD>H4L1GAB3 47=235AB>HCD35-269;<@H>0/212>0AB>H=285AB69;<693À4785-28À>H-'J5>H4T:<AB35698À;<:<:<85AFJ58À/212;<@H>?69;<6]>Hl28À:<85-'@H3 =2AB35l2>H47>H85-2>_693285AB>H:<\23`47l2>H@H12=2=2;<693`-G35@_:<;<=2>H6985@H8`Ob,-a=2;<AF69>?:<82@?;<AF3 × ;< @?3[>H-26935-247>?69¾J532@+W9;<47:<>h8â85AFJ5>H-2;<AB>H8â3[4769AB;<85A~J5>H-2;<AB>H8[4785-28[W915-2S>?85-G> 8547:<>?@H@h;<-269>b;<@H@?;W9AB32/21235-2S;;<-2N585@H;<AB3` ω É R5 @?847W9;<4L;LCD35-2698=2AB85J285696j8¨J5;<@H@HnH;<:<:<35-G47>H85-23J2>1G-:<;<CD=28¨J5>>H-2J51GS>H85-23 CM;<N2-23569>?:<;}v's@h;4785CDCM;JG>t1G-:<85-269AF>?R51G698@?>H-235;<AF3¨>H-ov3J5>12-G8 /212;<J5AB;<69>H:<8`>H-cv O ³b>*4785-285rD=235AB<r*69AB85l2;<693 ;<-2:<\23 J2>?47:<AB32=2;<-2S3 47>H476935CD;<6]>H:<\235OD|;L@?>*J5>H47:<AÁ35=2;<-2S3 AB35-2J285-28 >H@ECD356985J58-285-;<-2:<85AB;4L1GW9W9>?:<>H35-26935CD35-G693;<W9W9>?J5;<R2>?@H3=232A@H;CD>h471GAB;J5> ;<-2:<85AB;<N2N5>gCD85@H698)W985AB69>HOÔÞ12-G/21235rg;<@dCD85CM32-2698f;<696912;<@?35r
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Per cui kerφ ed (imφ) ⊥ sono due spazi vettoriali euclidei della stessa dimensione e possiamo chiedere che ρ sia una qualunque fissata isometria tra questi due sottospazi (ad
Dunque, il massimo globale per la valutazione asintotica dell’integrale con il metodo di Laplace è, nel linguaggio della termodinamica, lo stato di equilibrio termodinamico, cioè
All these techniques suffer for the need of long integration time:. One needs to point to the same sky pixel during many cycles of
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