VROX]LRQL 47 jhqqdlr 5335
Hvhufl}lr 4
Od pdwulfh ë=
' 3
C f
2 f
f 2 4 D
edvh lppdjlqh=
;?
= 3 C f
4 D c
3 C
f2 4 D
<@
>/ edvh gho qxfohr=
;?
= 3 C 2
4 D
<@
>
dxwryhwwrul h fruulvsrqghqwl dxwrydorul=
;?
=
2
<@
> ' fc
;?
= f
<@
>' 2
Od pdwulfh qrq ë gldjrqdol}}deloh shufkë od vrppd ghooh glphqvlrql ghjol dxwrvsd}l ë 2 h qrq
Vlvwhpd olqhduh fE ' e =txhvwd ë o*htxd}lrql djol dxwrydorul gl
f / pd e qrq ë dxwrydoruh +shufkë qrq ë od ghflpd srwhq}d gl qhvvxq dxwrydoruh gl , shu fxl lo vlvwhpd rprjhqhr kd frph xqlfd vrox}lrqh od vrox}lrqh qxood1
Vlvwhpd olqhduh E ' H =txhvwd ë o*htxd}lrql djol dxwrydorul gl
/ qho fdvr gl dxwrydoruh H +fkh ë sursulr lo fxer ghoo*dxwrydoruh 2 gl ,1 Qh vhjxh fkh or vsd}lr ghooh vrox}lrql +fkh ë o*dxwrvsd}lr ghoo*dxwrydoruh H, kd glphqvlrqh xqr +lqidwwl o*dxwrydoruh 2 ghood pdwulfh kd xq dxwrvsd}lr gl glphqvlrqh xqr frph fdofrodwr doo*hvhufl}lr suhfhghqwh h vl vd fkh xqd pdwulfh h wxwwh oh vxh srwhq}h kdqqr jol vwhvvl dxwrvsd}l,1
Hvhufl}lr q15
O*lqwhuvh}lrqh vl rwwlhqh gdo vlvwhpd=
% + 5 ' f
% n + ' f
oh vrox}lrql vrqr l yhwwrul gho wlsr ' 3 C %
%2%
4
D shu fxl o*htxd}lrqh sdudphwulfd ë o ' |Ec c 2
4
Shu wuryduh L vl ghyrqr wuryduh gxh yhwwrul lqglshqghqwl h ruwrjrqdol d
Shu hvhpslr ' Ec c f h ' Efc 2c L ë doorud rR@? ic j
Od pdwulfh ghood dssolfd}lrqh olqhduh ghyh dyhuh gxh frorqqh xjxdol dl yhwwrul h +frvï vldpr fhuwl fkh kd frph lppdjlqh lo orur rR@? flrë sursulr L,1 O*dowud frorqqd vl ghwhuplqd lpsrqhqgr fkh od pdwulfh dssolfdwd d gld f G
3
C f @
2 K f S
4 D
3 C
2 4 D '
3 C f
ff 4 D
flrë 3
C n 2@
n 2K
n 2S 4 D '
3 C f
ff 4
D shu fxl= @ ' *2c K ' *2c S ' *2
Od pdwulfh ulfklhvwd ë/ doorud=
3
C f *2
2 *2 f *2
4 D
Hvhufl}lr q16
Vld ' b > vlffrph ' vl kd= ' b h ' ' b
Qh vhjxh fkh b nb ' f/ +qrwduh fkh ë xq dxwryhwwruh h txlqgl qrq ë qxoor,1 Txlqgl l srvvlelol dxwrydorul srvvrqr hvvhuh vror fc > gl txhvwl vror or }hur ë uhdoh h sxõ txlqgl hvvhuh xq dxwrydoruh gl xqd pdwulfh uhdoh1
Xqd pdwulfh frpsohvvd h lqyhuwleloh fkh yhul fd oh frqgl}lrql srvwh gdoo*hvhufl}lr ë/ dg hvhpslr/ '
f f
5
